碱性过氧化氢处理小麦秸秆对绵羊体内消化部位及消化程度的影响

Effects of alkaline hydrogen peroxide treatment of wheat straw on site and extent of digestion in sheep.

作者信息

Kerley M S, Fahey G C, Berger L L, Merchen N R, Gould J M

出版信息

J Anim Sci. 1986 Sep;63(3):868-78. doi: 10.2527/jas1986.633868x.

DOI:10.2527/jas1986.633868x

Abstract

Two experiments (4 X 4 Latin squares) were conducted, using four multiple-cannulated wethers (mean body weight, 65 kg), to determine effects of treating wheat straw (WS) with alkaline solutions (pH 11.5) of hydrogen peroxide (AHP; .26 g hydrogen peroxide/g WS) on site and extent of nutrient digestion in sheep. Diets contained either 33 to 37% (low WS) or 70 to 72% (high WS) AHP-treated (T) or non-treated (C) WS. Treatment of WS with AHP resulted in increased acid detergent fiber and cellulose concentrations and decreased acid detergent lignin (ADL) concentrations compared with non-treated WS. In Exp. 1, intakes were held constant at approximately 1,044 g dry matter (DM)/d. When fed AHP-treated WS diets, wethers digested more (P less than .05) DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and cellulose in the stomach (54.8, 47.4, 51.6 and 20.0%; 65.6, 68.8, 51.5 and 37.2%; 66.6, 74.2, 45.2 and 40.7% of intake, respectively, for low WS-T, high WS-T, low WS-C and high WS-C diets) and in the total tract (83.0, 74.8, 68.4 and 50.0%; 81.8, 81.0, 53.9 and 42.1%; 85.2, 86.9, 50.2 and 47.6%, respectively, for the low WS-T, high WS-T, low WS-C and high WS-C diets), and had lower (P less than .05) ruminal pH than when fed the non-treated WS diets. In Exp. 2, the same wethers were fed diets similar to those fed in Exp. 1, but at ad libitum intake. Wethers consumed less (P less than .05) feed when fed the high WS-C diet than when fed the other three diets (2,234, 2,526, 2,271 and 1,297 g/d for the low WS-T, high WS-T, low WS-C and high WS-C diets, respectively). Digestibilities of DM, NDF and cellulose were higher (P less than .05) when sheep were fed the treated WS diets than when fed the non-treated WS diets (82.7, 70.7, 68.4 and 58.0%; 78.6, 72.9, 49.4 and 51.6%; 78.0, 84.0, 53.8 and 37.5%, respectively, for the low WS-T, high WS-T, low WS-C and high WS-C diets). Fluid and particulate dilution rates in the rumen were higher (P less than .08) when wethers consumed AHP-treated WS diets compared with non-treated WS diets (8.21, 8.56, 6.96 and 6.81%/h; 6.06, 6.73, 4.05 and 3.15%/h, respectively, for the low WS-T, high WS-T, low WS-C and high WS-C diets). The AHP treatment was successful in overcoming the major barriers to microbial degradation of WS in the gastrointestinal tract of wethers.

摘要

进行了两项试验（4×4拉丁方），使用4只安装了多个瘘管的阉羊（平均体重65千克），以确定用过氧化氢碱性溶液（pH 11.5）（AHP；0.26克过氧化氢/克小麦秸秆）处理小麦秸秆（WS）对绵羊营养物质消化部位和程度的影响。日粮含有33%至37%（低WS）或70%至72%（高WS）的AHP处理（T）或未处理（C）的WS。与未处理的WS相比，用AHP处理WS导致酸性洗涤纤维和纤维素浓度增加，酸性洗涤木质素（ADL）浓度降低。在试验1中，采食量保持恒定，约为1044克干物质（DM）/天。当饲喂AHP处理的WS日粮时，阉羊在胃中消化的干物质、中性洗涤纤维（NDF）和纤维素更多（P<0.05）（低WS-T、高WS-T、低WS-C和高WS-C日粮分别占采食量的54.8%、47.4%、51.6%和20.0%；65.6%、68.8%、51.5%和37.2%；66.6%、74.2%、45.2%和40.7%），并且在全消化道中消化的也更多（低WS-T、高WS-T、低WS-C和高WS-C日粮分别为83.0%、74.8%、68.4%和50.0%；81.8%、81.0%、53.9%和42.1%；85.2%、86.9%、50.2%和47.6%），并且与饲喂未处理的WS日粮相比，瘤胃pH值更低（P<0.05）。在试验2中，相同的阉羊饲喂与试验1中相似的日粮，但采食量为随意采食。与饲喂其他三种日粮相比，饲喂高WS-C日粮时阉羊采食的饲料更少（P<0.05）（低WS-T、高WS-T、低WS-C和高WS-C日粮分别为2234、2526、2271和1297克/天）。当绵羊饲喂处理过的WS日粮时，干物质、NDF和纤维素的消化率更高（P<0.05）（低WS-T、高WS-T、低WS-C和高WS-C日粮分别为82.7%、70.7%、68.4%和58.0%；78.6%、72.9%、49.4%和51.6%；78.0%、84.0%、53.8%和37.5%）。与未处理的WS日粮相比，当阉羊采食AHP处理的WS日粮时，瘤胃中的液体和颗粒稀释率更高（P<0.08）（低WS-T、高WS-T、低WS-C和高WS-C日粮分别为8.21%/小时、8.56%/小时、6.96%/小时和6.81%/小时；6.06%/小时、6.73%/小时、4.05%/小时和3.15%/小时）。AHP处理成功克服了阉羊胃肠道中WS微生物降解的主要障碍。