Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA; Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2023 Oct;75:102435. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102435. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
DNA methylation is a conserved modification that must be precisely regulated during development to facilitate its roles in silencing transposable elements and regulating gene expression. In plants, DNA methylation changes during reproduction are widely documented and, in many cases, the underlying mechanisms are well understood. In somatic tissues, the diversity of methylation patterns are only recently emerging but they are often associated with the RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway. Here, we discuss advances in our understanding of how the locus-specific targeting and tissue-specific expression of RdDM proteins regulate methylation patterns, how the targeting of methylation at loci with imperfect homology expands the purview of RdDM, and how natural variation within RdDM factors impacts DNA methylation patterns.
DNA 甲基化是一种保守的修饰，在发育过程中必须精确调控，以发挥其沉默转座元件和调控基因表达的作用。在植物中，生殖过程中的 DNA 甲基化变化得到了广泛的记录，在许多情况下，其潜在机制也得到了很好的理解。在体细胞组织中，甲基化模式的多样性最近才开始显现，但它们通常与 RNA 指导的 DNA 甲基化 (RdDM) 途径有关。在这里，我们讨论了我们对 RdDM 蛋白的局域靶向和组织特异性表达如何调控甲基化模式、在具有不完全同源性的基因座上靶向甲基化如何扩展 RdDM 的范围，以及 RdDM 因子的自然变异如何影响 DNA 甲基化模式的理解的进展。
