Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China.
Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases, Shandong, China.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2023;184(11):1099-1105. doi: 10.1159/000532068. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Small airway dysfunction (SAD) is associated with type 2 inflammation in patients who have non-asthmatic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs); however, the risk factors for abnormal small airway function indicators in CRSwNP patients with and without asthma remain unclear.
We retrospectively analyzed 41 asthmatic and 109 non-asthmatic CRSwNP patients. Clinical characteristics were compared between groups, correlations between small airway function and clinical parameters were calculated, and independent risk factors for every small airway indicator were identified in each group.
Asthmatic CRSwNP patients had significantly reduced small airway function, and the proportion of patients with SAD was higher in asthmatic CRSwNP patients (65.85%) than in patients without asthma (9.17%). With regard to specific airway function indicators, age and a patient's blood eosinophil (%) were identified as independent risk factors for lower FEF50% %pred and FEF25-75% pred, with age being an independent risk factor for FEF75% %pred in asthmatic CRSwNP patients. In non-asthmatic CRSwNP patients, allergic rhinitis comorbidity was found to be an independent risk factor for FEF50% %pred, FEF75% %pred, and FEF25-75% %pred.
Physicians should pay greater attention to risk factors for abnormal small airway function indicators in patients with CRSwNPs to prevent the occurrence of SAD.
小气道功能障碍（SAD）与 2 型炎症有关，在非哮喘性慢性鼻-鼻窦炎伴鼻息肉（CRSwNPs）患者中也是如此；然而，有和没有哮喘的 CRSwNP 患者中小气道功能异常指标的危险因素仍不清楚。
我们回顾性分析了 41 例哮喘和 109 例非哮喘 CRSwNP 患者。比较组间的临床特征，计算小气道功能与临床参数之间的相关性，并确定每组中小气道指标的独立危险因素。
哮喘 CRSwNP 患者小气道功能明显降低，SAD 患者比例（65.85%）高于非哮喘患者（9.17%）。对于特定的气道功能指标，年龄和患者的血嗜酸性粒细胞（%）被确定为 FEF50% %pred 和 FEF25-75% pred 降低的独立危险因素，年龄是哮喘 CRSwNP 患者 FEF75% %pred 的独立危险因素。在非哮喘性 CRSwNP 患者中，过敏性鼻炎合并症被发现是 FEF50% %pred、FEF75% %pred 和 FEF25-75% %pred 的独立危险因素。
医生应更加关注 CRSwNPs 患者小气道功能异常指标的危险因素，以预防 SAD 的发生。
