Miconi Diana, Ouimet Sonia, Kafi Mohammed Abdullah Heel, Dervishi Eglantina, Wiium Nora, Rousseau Cécile
Department of Educational Psychology and Andragogy, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Department of Psychology and Pedagogy, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania.
Front Psychol. 2023 Aug 1;14:989661. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.989661. eCollection 2023.
Egyptian and Roma communities represent two of the most deprived and stigmatized ethnic minorities in Albania. However, research investigating vulnerability and well-being in youth from these communities is scant. Even less is known among Egyptian and Roma adolescents who dropped-out of school. Within a Positive Youth Development framework, we investigated among Egyptian and Roma adolescents: (1) risk behaviors, well-being, and developmental assets (personal and contextual); (2) associations of developmental assets with risk behaviors and well-being; (3) specificities by ethnicity, gender, and education.
A total of 201 Egyptian and Roma adolescents ( = 16.63, = 1.80; 47% girls; 53% school dropouts) completed a series of questionnaires in a community setting in August 2020 (first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic).
Binomial, Poisson and linear regression models indicated that Egyptian and Roma adolescents reported similar and high levels of risk behaviors, with boys reporting overall more risk behaviors than girls. Low level of well-being and of personal and contextual assets were reported. Girls reported higher family assets, positive values and social competencies than boys. The situation of adolescents attending school was overall not better than that of youth who had dropped out. Higher positive identity was associated with higher well-being.
Intervention and prevention efforts are urgently needed to support minority adolescents' development during and in the aftermath of the pandemic. They should address the structural factors which limit the availability of personal and contextual resources in minority youth's lives. Interventions aimed at building safer neighborhoods and providing safe access to schools for minority youth should be a priority and are essential to prevent the widening of inequalities during and after this health emergency.
埃及和罗姆社区是阿尔巴尼亚最贫困且饱受污名化的两个少数族裔群体。然而，针对这些社区青少年的脆弱性和幸福感的研究却很少。在埃及和罗姆青少年辍学者中，了解情况的人更少。在积极青少年发展框架内，我们对埃及和罗姆青少年进行了调查：（1）风险行为、幸福感和发展资产（个人和环境方面）；（2）发展资产与风险行为和幸福感之间的关联；（3）按种族、性别和教育程度划分的特点。
202名埃及和罗姆青少年（平均年龄=16.63岁，标准差=1.80岁；47%为女孩；53%为辍学者）于2020年8月（新冠疫情第一波期间）在社区环境中完成了一系列问卷调查。
二项式、泊松和线性回归模型表明，埃及和罗姆青少年报告的风险行为水平相似且较高，男孩报告的总体风险行为比女孩更多。报告显示幸福感以及个人和环境资产水平较低。女孩报告的家庭资产、积极价值观和社交能力高于男孩。上学青少年的情况总体上并不比辍学者好。较高的积极认同感与较高的幸福感相关。
迫切需要开展干预和预防工作，以支持少数族裔青少年在疫情期间及之后的发展。这些工作应解决限制少数族裔青少年生活中个人和环境资源可获得性的结构性因素。旨在建设更安全社区并为少数族裔青少年提供安全上学途径的干预措施应成为优先事项，对于防止在这一卫生紧急情况期间及之后不平等现象加剧至关重要。
