Wajzer Mateusz
Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Bankowa 11, Pl 40007 Katowice, Poland.
Endeavour. 2023 Sep;47(3):100874. doi: 10.1016/j.endeavour.2023.100874. Epub 2023 Aug 19.
The past two decades have seen an increase in the use of theories, data, assumptions and methods of the biological sciences in studying political phenomena. One of the approaches that combine biology with political science is genopolitics. The goal of the study was to analyse the basic ontological, methodological and epistemological assumptions for the reductionism of genopolitics. The results show that genopolitics assumes methodological reductionism but rejects ontological and epistemological reductionism. The key consequences of the findings are the irreducibility of political science to biology and the complementarity of genopolitical explanations and political science explanations based on culturalism. If my findings prove to be correct, they give rise to the formation of a hypothesis regarding the anti-reductionist orientation of the contemporary links between political science and biology. An important step towards confirming or falsifying such a hypothesis will be exploring the reductionism of contemporary biopolitical approaches such as neuropolitics or evolutionary political psychology.
在过去二十年里,生物学科学的理论、数据、假设和方法在研究政治现象中的应用有所增加。将生物学与政治学相结合的方法之一是基因政治学。该研究的目的是分析基因政治学还原论的基本本体论、方法论和认识论假设。结果表明,基因政治学假定方法论还原论,但拒绝本体论和认识论还原论。这些发现的关键后果是政治学不能还原为生物学,以及基因政治学解释与基于文化主义的政治学解释具有互补性。如果我的发现被证明是正确的,它们将引发一个关于当代政治学与生物学之间联系的反还原论取向的假设的形成。朝着证实或证伪这一假设迈出的重要一步将是探索当代生物政治方法(如神经政治学或进化政治心理学)的还原论。