Luo Minxia, Pauly Theresa, Broen Tiana, Ashe Maureen C, Murphy Rachel A, Linden Wolfgang, Madden Kenneth M, Gerstorf Denis, Hoppmann Christiane A
University Research Priority Program (URPP) Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Gerontology. 2023;69(10):1245-1258. doi: 10.1159/000533577. Epub 2023 Aug 21.
Experimental research suggests that affect may influence prospective memory performance, but real-life evidence on affect-prospective memory associations is limited. Moreover, most studies have examined the valence dimension of affect in understanding the influence of affect on cognitive performance in daily life, with insufficient consideration of the arousal dimension. To maximize ecological validity, the current study examined the relationships between daily affect and daily prospective memory using repeated daily assessments and the role of resting heart rate on these relationships. We examined both valence and arousal of daily affect by categorizing affect into four dimensions: high-arousal positive affect, low-arousal positive affect, high-arousal negative affect, and low-arousal negative affect.
We examined existing data collected from community-dwelling couples, of which at least one partner had a stroke history. The analytic sample included 111 adults (Mage = 67.46 years, SD = 9.64; 50% women) who provided 1,274 days of data. Among the participants, 58 were living with the effects of a stroke and 53 were partners. Participants completed daily event-based prospective memory tasks (in morning and/or evening questionnaires), reported daily affect in the evening, and wore a wrist-based Fitbit device to monitor resting heart rate over 14 consecutive days.
Results from multilevel models show that, within persons, elevated high-arousal negative affect was associated with worse daily prospective memory performance. In addition, lower resting heart rate attenuated the inverse association between high-arousal negative affect and lowered prospective memory performance. We did not find significant associations of high- or low-arousal positive affect and low-arousal negative affect with daily prospective memory.
Our findings are in line with the resource allocation model and the cue-utilization hypothesis in that high-arousal negative affect is detrimental to daily prospective memory performance. Lower resting heart rate may buffer individuals' prospective memory performance from the influence of high-arousal negative affect. These findings are consistent with the neurovisceral integration model on heart-brain connections, highlighting the possibility that cardiovascular fitness may help maintain prospective memory into older adulthood.
实验研究表明，情感可能会影响前瞻性记忆表现，但关于情感与前瞻性记忆关联的现实生活证据有限。此外，大多数研究在理解情感对日常生活认知表现的影响时，都考察了情感的效价维度，而对唤醒维度的考虑不足。为了最大限度地提高生态效度，本研究使用每日重复评估法，考察了日常情感与日常前瞻性记忆之间的关系，以及静息心率在这些关系中的作用。我们通过将情感分为四个维度来考察日常情感的效价和唤醒程度：高唤醒积极情感、低唤醒积极情感、高唤醒消极情感和低唤醒消极情感。
我们研究了从社区居住夫妇中收集的现有数据，其中至少有一方有中风病史。分析样本包括111名成年人（年龄中位数=67.46岁，标准差=9.64；50%为女性），他们提供了1274天的数据。参与者中，58人有中风后遗症，53人是其伴侣。参与者完成每日基于事件的前瞻性记忆任务（在早晨和/或晚上的问卷中），在晚上报告每日情感，并佩戴基于手腕的Fitbit设备连续14天监测静息心率。
多层次模型的结果表明，在个体内部，高唤醒消极情感的增加与较差的日常前瞻性记忆表现相关。此外，较低的静息心率减弱了高唤醒消极情感与前瞻性记忆表现降低之间的负相关。我们没有发现高唤醒或低唤醒积极情感以及低唤醒消极情感与日常前瞻性记忆之间存在显著关联。
我们的研究结果与资源分配模型和线索利用假设一致，即高唤醒消极情感不利于日常前瞻性记忆表现。较低的静息心率可能会缓冲个体的前瞻性记忆表现，使其免受高唤醒消极情感的影响。这些发现与关于心脑连接的神经内脏整合模型一致，突出了心血管健康可能有助于在老年期维持前瞻性记忆的可能性。
