谷氨酰胺可改善高剂量大豆球蛋白喂养的幼龄杂交石斑鱼的生长和肠道健康。
Glutamine improves growth and intestinal health in juvenile hybrid groupers fed high-dose glycinin.
机构信息
Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, College of Fisheries, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
出版信息
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2023 Oct;141:109003. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109003. Epub 2023 Aug 19.
Glutamine addition can improve immunity and intestinal development in fish. This study examined the protective roles of glutamine on growth suppression and enteritis induced by glycinin in juvenile hybrid groupers (female Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × male Epinephelus lanceolatus). The experiment set four isonitrogenous and isolipidic trial diets: a diet containing 10% glycinin (11S), 10% of 11S diet supplemented with 1% or 2% alanine-glutamine (1% or 2% Ala-Gln), and a diet containing neither 11S nor Ala-Gln (FM). A feeding trial was conducted in hybrid grouper for 8 weeks. Weight gain and specific growth rates in Groups 1% and 2% Ala-Gln were significantly higher than those of the 11S group but were similar to those of the FM group. The intestinal muscular layer thickness, plica height and width of the 2% Ala-Gln group were significantly higher than those of Group 11S. The enterocyte proliferation efficiency of the 11S group was significantly lower compared to other groups. Compared with the 11S group, Groups 1% and 2% Ala-Gln fish had increased intestinal lysozyme activities, complement 3 and immunoglobulin M as well as cathelicidin contents. The mRNA levels of tnf-α, il-1β, ifn-α, and hsp70 genes were more downregulated in Groups 1% and 2% Ala-Gln than in Group 11S. Compared with FM group, fish from the 11S group had significantly lower mRNA levels of myd88, ikkβ, and nf-κb p65 genes. These three values in the 2% Ala-Gln group were significantly lower than those in Group 11S but not significantly different from those of Group FM. The relative abundance of Vibrio in Group 11S was higher than that in Groups FM and 2% Ala-Gln. Intestinal glutamine, glutaminase, glutamic acid, α-ketoglutarate, malate dehydrogenase and ATP contents were higher in Groups 1% and 2% Ala-Gln than in Group 11S. These results suggest that glutamine is a useful feed additive to enhance growth and intestinal immunity, alleviate inflammation, and modulate gut microbiota in hybrid grouper fed high-dose glycinin.
谷氨酰胺的添加可以改善鱼类的免疫力和肠道发育。本研究探讨了谷氨酰胺对大豆球蛋白诱导的幼龄杂交石斑鱼（♀ 褐点石斑鱼×♂ 斜带石斑鱼）生长抑制和肠炎的保护作用。实验设置了四种等氮等脂的试验饲料：一种含有 10%大豆球蛋白（11S）的饲料、一种在 11S 饲料中添加 1%或 2%丙氨酸-谷氨酰胺（1%或 2%Ala-Gln）的饲料，以及一种既不含有 11S 也不含有 Ala-Gln 的饲料（FM）。在杂交石斑鱼中进行了为期 8 周的饲养试验。1%和 2%Ala-Gln 组的体重增加率和特定生长率明显高于 11S 组，但与 FM 组相似。2%Ala-Gln 组的肠肌层厚度、褶高度和宽度明显高于 11S 组。11S 组的肠上皮细胞增殖效率明显低于其他组。与 11S 组相比，1%和 2%Ala-Gln 组的鱼肠溶菌酶活性、补体 3 和免疫球蛋白 M 以及抗菌肽含量增加。1%和 2%Ala-Gln 组的 tnf-α、il-1β、ifn-α和 hsp70 基因的 mRNA 水平较 11S 组下调更为明显。与 FM 组相比，11S 组的 myd88、ikkβ和 nf-κb p65 基因的 mRNA 水平明显降低。2%Ala-Gln 组的这三个值明显低于 11S 组，但与 FM 组无显著差异。11S 组的弧菌相对丰度高于 FM 组和 2%Ala-Gln 组。1%和 2%Ala-Gln 组的肠内谷氨酰胺、谷氨酰胺酶、谷氨酸、α-酮戊二酸、苹果酸脱氢酶和 ATP 含量均高于 11S 组。这些结果表明，谷氨酰胺是一种有用的饲料添加剂，可增强生长和肠道免疫力，减轻炎症，并调节杂交石斑鱼高剂量大豆球蛋白喂养时的肠道微生物群。
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