Johnson Micah E, Alejandro Alysse D, Vroom Enya B
Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, University of South Florida, 133301 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
The Study of Teen Opioid Misuse and Prevention Laboratory, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, 2401 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
J Child Fam Stud. 2023 May;32(5):1495-1503. doi: 10.1007/s10826-022-02417-8. Epub 2022 Sep 2.
Opioid misuse (OM) is a priority public health concern, especially for those in correctional settings. Understanding the etiology of OM among justice-involved children (JIC) is key to resolving this crisis. On average, 12% of all children and up to 50% of JIC in the United States have experienced household substance misuse (HSM). Theory and empirical research suggest that HSM may increase risk for OM, but these relationships have not been examined among JIC. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of sibling and parent substance misuse on OM among JIC. Cross-sectional data on 79,960 JIC from the Florida Department of Juvenile Justice (FLDJJ) were examined. Past 30-day opioid (P30D) OM was indicated by urine analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed. In the total sample, nearly 3% met FLDJJ criteria for P30D OM and nearly 25% lived with a parent/caregiver or sibling who misused substances. Among opioid misusers, one third lived with a parent/caregiver who misused substances and nearly half lived with a parent/caregiver or sibling who misused substances. Compared to JIC without HSM, JIC reporting sibling substance misuse had 1.95 times higher odds of OM (95% CI, 1.63-2.33), JIC with parent substance misuse had over twice the odds of OM (95% CI, 1.89-2.31), and those with both sibling and parent had more than three times higher odds of OM (95% CI, 2.75-3.87). Family-based approaches to OM intervention and prevention initiatives may be more effective than individual-focused approaches. Implications are discussed.
阿片类药物滥用（OM）是一个优先关注的公共卫生问题，对于那些在惩教机构中的人来说尤其如此。了解涉司法儿童（JIC）中阿片类药物滥用的病因是解决这一危机的关键。在美国，平均12%的儿童以及高达50%的涉司法儿童经历过家庭药物滥用（HSM）。理论和实证研究表明，家庭药物滥用可能会增加阿片类药物滥用的风险，但这些关系尚未在涉司法儿童中进行研究。本研究的目的是探讨兄弟姐妹和父母药物滥用对涉司法儿童阿片类药物滥用的影响。我们对来自佛罗里达州少年司法部（FLDJJ）的79960名涉司法儿童的横断面数据进行了研究。通过尿液分析来确定过去30天内的阿片类药物（P30D）滥用情况。采用了双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。在总样本中，近3%的人符合佛罗里达州少年司法部关于过去30天内阿片类药物滥用的标准，近25%的人与滥用药物的父母/照顾者或兄弟姐妹生活在一起。在阿片类药物滥用者中，三分之一的人与滥用药物的父母/照顾者生活在一起，近一半的人与滥用药物的父母/照顾者或兄弟姐妹生活在一起。与没有家庭药物滥用的涉司法儿童相比，报告兄弟姐妹药物滥用行为的涉司法儿童阿片类药物滥用的几率高出1.95倍（95%置信区间，1.63 - 2.33），父母有药物滥用行为的涉司法儿童阿片类药物滥用的几率高出两倍多（95%置信区间，1.89 - 2.31），而同时有兄弟姐妹和父母药物滥用行为的儿童阿片类药物滥用的几率高出三倍多（95%置信区间，2.75 - 3.87）。基于家庭的阿片类药物滥用干预和预防措施可能比以个体为重点的方法更有效。文中讨论了相关影响。
