Lei Yusheng, Zheng Ning, Ni Ran
School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637459.
School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
J Chem Phys. 2023 Aug 28;159(8). doi: 10.1063/5.0165527.
Randomly organizing hyperuniform fluid induced by reciprocal activation is a non-equilibrium fluid with vanishing density fluctuations at large length scales such as crystals. Here, we extend this new state of matter to a closed manifold, namely a spherical surface. We find that the random organization on a spherical surface behaves similar to that in two dimensional Euclidean space, and the absorbing transition on a sphere also belongs to the conserved directed percolation universality class. Moreover, the reciprocal activation can also induce a non-equilibrium hyperuniform fluid on a sphere. The spherical structure factor at the absorbing transition and the non-equilibrium hyperuniform fluid phases are scaled as S(l → 0) ∼ (l/R)0.45 and S(l → 0) ∼ l(l + 1)/R2, respectively, which are both hyperuniform according to the definition of hyperuniformity on a sphere with l, the wave number, and R, the radius of the spherical surface. We also consider the impact of inertia in realistic hyperuniform fluids, and it is found only by adding an extra length-scale, above which hyperuniform scaling appears. Our finding suggests a new method for creating non-equilibrium hyperuniform fluids on closed manifolds to avoid boundary effects.
由相互激活诱导的随机组织超均匀流体是一种非平衡流体，在诸如晶体等大长度尺度上具有消失的密度涨落。在此，我们将这种新的物质状态扩展到一个封闭流形，即球面。我们发现球面上的随机组织行为类似于二维欧几里得空间中的行为，并且球面上的吸收转变也属于守恒有向渗流普适类。此外，相互激活还能在球面上诱导出非平衡超均匀流体。在吸收转变和非平衡超均匀流体相时的球面结构因子分别按(S(l → 0) ∼ (l/R)^{0.45})和(S(l → 0) ∼ l(l + 1)/R^2)进行标度，根据球面上超均匀性的定义，对于波数(l)和球面半径(R)，这两种情况都是超均匀的。我们还考虑了实际超均匀流体中惯性的影响，发现只有通过添加一个额外的长度尺度，在此之上才会出现超均匀标度。我们的发现提出了一种在封闭流形上创建非平衡超均匀流体以避免边界效应的新方法。
