Am Nat. 2023 Sep;202(3):276-287. doi: 10.1086/725393. Epub 2023 Jul 12.
AbstractAs plant-microbe interactions are both ubiquitous and critical in shaping plant fitness, patterns of plant adaptation to their local environment may be influenced by these interactions. Identifying the contribution of soil microbes to plant adaptation may provide insight into the evolution of plant traits and their microbial symbioses. To this end, we assessed the contribution of soil microbes to plant salinity adaptation by growing 10 populations of , collected from habitats differing in their salinity, in the greenhouse under either high-salinity or nonsaline conditions and with or without soil microbial partners. Across two live soil inoculum treatments, we found evidence for adaptation of these populations to their home salinity environment. However, when grown in sterile soils, plants were slightly maladapted to their home salinity environment. As plants were on average more fit in sterile soils, pathogenic microbes may have been significant drivers of plant fitness herein. Consequently, we hypothesized that the plant fitness advantage in their home salinity may have been due to increased plant resistance to pathogenic attack in those salinity environments. Our results highlight that plant-microbe interactions may partially mediate patterns of plant adaptation as well as be important selective agents in plant evolution.
摘要 由于植物-微生物相互作用在塑造植物适应性方面无处不在且至关重要，因此植物对其局部环境的适应模式可能会受到这些相互作用的影响。确定土壤微生物对植物适应的贡献可能有助于深入了解植物特征及其微生物共生关系的演化。为此，我们通过在温室中，在高盐或非盐条件下，并在有或没有土壤微生物伙伴的情况下，生长来自盐度不同生境的 10 个种群，评估了土壤微生物对植物耐盐性的贡献。在两种活体土壤接种物处理中，我们发现这些种群对其原生盐度环境适应的证据。然而，当在无菌土壤中生长时，植物对其原生盐度环境略有不适应。由于植物在无菌土壤中的平均适应性更强，因此致病性微生物可能是此处植物适应性的重要驱动因素。因此，我们假设植物在原生盐度环境中的适应性优势可能是由于植物对这些盐度环境中致病性攻击的抵抗力增强所致。我们的研究结果强调，植物-微生物相互作用可能部分调节植物适应模式，并且是植物进化中的重要选择因素。
