Avatsingh Achhada Ujalkaur, Sharma Shilpa, Kour Shilippreet, Arora Yukta, Sharma Sheetal, Joshi Divya, Chaudhary Prem Prashant, Perveen Kahkashan, Kamal Mohab Amin, Singh Nasib
Department of Microbiology, Akal College of Basic Sciences, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh, India.
Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Aug 7;14:1227132. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227132. eCollection 2023.
Antibiotic resistance in bacteria has emerged as a serious public health threat worldwide. Aquatic environments including irrigation-purpose wastewaters facilitate the emergence and transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes leading to detrimental effects on human health and environment sustainability. Considering the paramount threat of ever-increasing antibiotic resistance to human health, there is an urgent need for continuous environmental monitoring of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater being used for irrigation in Indian agro-ecosystems. In this study, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from irrigation-purpose wastewater samples from Sirmaur and Solan districts of Himachal Pradesh was determined. Bacterial isolates of genera , and obtained from 11 different geographical locations were found to exhibit resistance against ampicillin, amoxyclav, cefotaxime, co-trimoxazole, tobramycin, cefpodoxime and ceftazidime. However, all the isolates were sensitive to aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin. spp. and showed predominance among all the isolates. Multidrug-resistance phenotype was observed with isolate AUK-06 ( sp.) which exhibited resistant to five antibiotics. Isolate AUK-02 and AUK-09, both strains showed resistant phenotypes to four antibiotics each. Phenotypic detection revealed that six isolates were positive for extended-spectrum β-lactamases which includes two isolates from spp. and each and one each from sp. and sp. Overall, the findings revealed the occurrence of antibiotic resistant and ESBL-positive bacterial isolates in wastewaters utilized for irrigation purpose in the study area and necessitate continuous monitoring and precautionary interventions. The outcomes of the study would be of significant clinical, epidemiological, and agro-environmental importance in designing effective wastewater management and environmental pollution control strategies.
细菌中的抗生素耐药性已成为全球严重的公共卫生威胁。包括灌溉用废水在内的水生环境促进了抗生素耐药菌和抗生素耐药基因的出现与传播,对人类健康和环境可持续性产生不利影响。鉴于抗生素耐药性不断增加对人类健康构成的巨大威胁,迫切需要对印度农业生态系统中用于灌溉的废水中的抗生素耐药菌和抗生素耐药基因进行持续的环境监测。在本研究中,测定了从喜马偕尔邦锡尔默尔和索兰地区灌溉用废水样本中分离出的革兰氏阴性菌的抗生素耐药性流行情况。从11个不同地理位置获得的 属、 属和 属的细菌分离株对氨苄西林、阿莫西林克拉维酸、头孢噻肟、复方新诺明、妥布霉素、头孢泊肟和头孢他啶表现出耐药性。然而,所有分离株对氨基糖苷类抗生素庆大霉素敏感。 属和 属在所有分离株中占主导地位。观察到分离株AUK - 06( 属)具有多重耐药表型,对五种抗生素耐药。分离株AUK - 02和AUK - 09,均为 菌株,各自对四种抗生素表现出耐药表型。表型检测显示,六个分离株对超广谱β - 内酰胺酶呈阳性,其中包括两个来自 属的分离株、两个来自 属的分离株以及一个来自 属和 属的分离株。总体而言,研究结果揭示了研究区域用于灌溉的废水中存在抗生素耐药和产超广谱β - 内酰胺酶的细菌分离株,有必要进行持续监测和预防性干预。该研究结果在设计有效的废水管理和环境污染控制策略方面具有重要的临床、流行病学和农业环境意义。