Hara H, Nosko M, Weir B
J Neurosurg. 1986 Oct;65(4):531-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.1986.65.4.0531.
The authors have studied the changes induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in the density and distribution of cerebral perivascular nerves in monkeys and rats. The SAH was induced in monkeys by placement of an autologous blood clot after opening the basal cisterns over the arteries of the circle of Willis on one side. In the rat study, SAH was induced by injection of autologous arterial blood into the cisterna magna. The nerves examined were adrenergic nerves, acetylcholinesterase (AChE)-containing nerves, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-like immunoreactive nerves, and substance P-like immunoreactive nerves. In the monkey study, all animals underwent baseline cerebral angiography, then had repeat angiography just before sacrifice on Day 2, 7, 28, or 70 after SAH. Two sham-operated monkeys underwent the surgical procedure without clot placement and were sacrificed on postoperative Day 7, after repeat angiography. Clot placement in monkeys reduced staining of all middle cerebral artery (MCA) perivascular nerves for between 2 and 28 days post-SAH. The number of stained nerve fibers of MCA's on the non-operated side was slightly reduced on Days 2 and 7 after SAH. Sham-operated monkeys showed a mild reduction of staining in all nerves, but only on the operated side. Cerebral vasospasm was observed on all angiograms taken on Days 2 and 7 following SAH. No vasospasm was found in normal or sham-operated monkeys. The disappearance of nerve staining without associated vasospasm was found on the operated side of the sham-operated monkeys and on the clot side of the animal sacrificed on Day 28 after SAH. Rats sacrificed on Days 2 and 7 post-SAH showed reduction in adrenergic and VIP-like immunoreactive staining around basilar arteries, while nerves containing AChE were not affected. Saline-injected rats exhibited no change in the appearance of perivascular innervation. These results suggest that SAH as well as surgical manipulation of the vessel wall caused a reduction of the studied substances in cerebral perivascular nerves. This reduction in immunoreactive staining of perivascular nerves did not correlate with the development of angiographic vasospasm after SAH.
作者研究了蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）对猴子和大鼠脑周血管神经密度及分布的影响。在猴子中，通过在一侧 Willis 环动脉上方打开基底池后放置自体血凝块诱导 SAH。在大鼠研究中，通过向小脑延髓池注射自体动脉血诱导 SAH。所检查的神经包括肾上腺素能神经、含乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的神经、血管活性肠肽（VIP）样免疫反应性神经和P物质样免疫反应性神经。在猴子研究中，所有动物在SAH后第2、7、28或70天处死前，均接受基线脑血管造影，然后再次进行血管造影。两只假手术猴子接受了不放置血凝块的手术操作，并在术后第7天再次血管造影后处死。猴子放置血凝块后，SAH后2至28天内，所有大脑中动脉（MCA）周血管神经的染色均减少。SAH后第2天和第7天，未手术侧MCA的染色神经纤维数量略有减少。假手术猴子在所有神经中均显示染色轻度减少，但仅在手术侧。SAH后第2天和第7天拍摄的所有血管造影均观察到脑血管痉挛。正常或假手术猴子未发现血管痉挛。在假手术猴子的手术侧以及SAH后第28天处死动物的血凝块侧，发现神经染色消失但无相关血管痉挛。SAH后第2天和第7天处死的大鼠显示基底动脉周围肾上腺素能和VIP样免疫反应性染色减少，而含AChE的神经未受影响。注射生理盐水的大鼠血管周围神经支配外观无变化。这些结果表明，SAH以及血管壁的手术操作导致脑周血管神经中所研究物质减少。SAH后血管周围神经免疫反应性染色的减少与血管造影性血管痉挛的发生无关。
