Department of Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; CERNEP Research Center, SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Injury Prevention in Sport Research Group, Facultad de Deporte, UCAM Universidad Católica de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Exp Gerontol. 2023 Oct 1;181:112279. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112279. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
Regular physical activity is vital for the health and disease prevention of older adults. Outdoor fitness equipment has gained popularity for natural exercise spaces among middle-aged and older individuals. This narrative review demonstrates that these programs have the potential to improve cardiovascular health, muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and reduce falls, while also enhancing quality of life, alleviating depression and anxiety, and boosting self-esteem. However, our understanding is hindered by limited rigorous experimental studies. Future directions include implementing standardized measurements, conducting long-term studies, and addressing equipment limitations to enable better adjustment of training intensity and promote correct postures on machines. New, more rigorous research is needed to comprehensively understand the psychophysiological and social effects on health. Additionally, suggested modifications could render the machines more effective and safer. The primary objective is to enhance this type of machinery to encourage its use in outdoor spaces, thus aiding adults and older individuals in achieving overall health and enjoying a healthy aging process.
定期进行身体活动对老年人的健康和疾病预防至关重要。户外健身器材因其为中老年人提供了自然的运动空间而受到欢迎。本叙述性综述表明，这些方案有可能改善心血管健康、肌肉力量、柔韧性、平衡能力，减少跌倒，并提高生活质量、缓解抑郁和焦虑、增强自尊心。然而，由于严格的实验研究有限，我们的认识受到了阻碍。未来的方向包括实施标准化测量、进行长期研究以及解决设备限制，以更好地调整训练强度并促进机器上的正确姿势。需要新的、更严格的研究来全面了解对健康的心理生理和社会影响。此外，建议的修改可以使机器更有效和更安全。主要目标是增强这种类型的机械，以鼓励在户外空间使用，从而帮助成年人和老年人实现整体健康并享受健康的老龄化过程。
