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ChatGPT 和 GPT 在精神病学中的现在和未来。

The now and future of ChatGPT and GPT in psychiatry.

机构信息

College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Mind-Body Interface Laboratory (MBI-Lab) and Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.

出版信息

Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Nov;77(11):592-596. doi: 10.1111/pcn.13588. Epub 2023 Sep 11.

DOI:10.1111/pcn.13588
PMID:37612880
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10952959/
Abstract

ChatGPT has sparked extensive discussions within the healthcare community since its November 2022 release. However, potential applications in the field of psychiatry have received limited attention. Deep learning has proven beneficial to psychiatry, and GPT is a powerful deep learning-based language model with immense potential for this field. Despite the convenience of ChatGPT, this advanced chatbot currently has limited practical applications in psychiatry. It may be used to support psychiatrists in routine tasks such as completing medical records, facilitating communications between clinicians and with patients, polishing academic writings and presentations, and programming and performing analyses for research. The current training and application of ChatGPT require using appropriate prompts to maximize appropriate outputs and minimize deleterious inaccuracies and phantom errors. Moreover, future GPT advances that incorporate empathy, emotion recognition, personality assessment, and detection of mental health warning signs are essential for its effective integration into psychiatric care. In the near future, developing a fully-automated psychotherapy system trained for expert communication (such as psychotherapy verbatim) is conceivable by building on foundational GPT technology. This dream system should integrate practical 'real world' inputs and friendly AI user and patient interfaces via clinically validated algorithms, voice comprehension/generation modules, and emotion discrimination algorithms based on facial expressions and physiological inputs from wearable devices. In addition to the technology challenges, we believe it is critical to establish generally accepted ethical standards for applying ChatGPT-related tools in all mental healthcare environments, including telemedicine and academic/training settings.

摘要

自 2022 年 11 月发布以来,ChatGPT 在医疗保健领域引发了广泛的讨论。然而,其在精神病学领域的潜在应用却受到了有限的关注。深度学习已被证明对精神病学有益,而 GPT 是一个强大的基于深度学习的语言模型,在该领域具有巨大的潜力。尽管 ChatGPT 很方便,但这款先进的聊天机器人目前在精神病学中的实际应用有限。它可以用于帮助精神科医生完成病历、促进临床医生与患者之间的沟通、润色学术写作和演讲、为研究编程和执行分析等常规任务。目前 ChatGPT 的培训和应用需要使用适当的提示来最大化适当的输出,同时最小化有害的不准确和幽灵错误。此外,未来的 GPT 进步需要融入同理心、情绪识别、个性评估和心理健康预警信号检测,才能使其有效融入精神保健。在不久的将来,可以通过构建基础的 GPT 技术,开发出一种完全自动化的、经过专家沟通训练的心理治疗系统(如心理治疗逐字稿)。这个梦想系统应该通过临床验证的算法、语音理解/生成模块以及基于可穿戴设备的面部表情和生理输入的情绪识别算法,整合实用的“现实世界”输入和友好的人工智能用户和患者接口。除了技术挑战外,我们还认为,在所有精神卫生保健环境中,包括远程医疗和学术/培训环境,建立应用 ChatGPT 相关工具的普遍接受的道德标准至关重要。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cdbd/10952959/715221c5f5a1/PCN-77-592-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cdbd/10952959/cecf8fcdcd8f/PCN-77-592-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cdbd/10952959/715221c5f5a1/PCN-77-592-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cdbd/10952959/cecf8fcdcd8f/PCN-77-592-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/cdbd/10952959/715221c5f5a1/PCN-77-592-g002.jpg

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