Fashakin Olumide Oluwatoyosi, Tangjaidee Pipat, Unban Kridsada, Klangpetch Wannaporn, Khumsap Tabkrich, Sringarm Korawan, Rawdkuen Saroat, Phongthai Suphat
Master's Degree Program in Food Science and Technology (International Program), Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
Division of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand.
Insects. 2023 Jul 29;14(8):674. doi: 10.3390/insects14080674.
Crickets contain high protein content that can be used to improve nutrition but are less exploited. This study was conducted to isolate different Cricket Protein Fractions including albumin, globulin, glutelin, and prolamin. All fractions were characterized and hydrolyzed by commercial enzymes. The results showed that the glutelin fractions had the highest extraction yields with 53.9 ± 2.12% ( < 0.05). Moreover, glutelin hydrolysate fraction prepared by Alcalase with a 16.35 ±0.29% hydrolysis degree was selected for further purification because of their high antioxidant activities, including ABTS radical-scavenging activity (0.44-0.55 µmol Trolox eq./g) and metal chelating activity (1721.99-1751.71 µmol EDTA eq./g). Two active fractions, GA-1 (<3 kDa) and GA-2 (<3 kDa), were collected from the consecutive purification of glutelin hydrolysates, which included processes such as membrane ultrafiltration and gel filtration. The fractions were analyzed by LC-MS/MS to obtain 10 peptides with 3-13 amino acids identified as TEAPLNPK, EVGA, KLL, TGNLPGAAHPLLL, AHLLT, LSPLYE, AGVL, VAAV, VAGL, and QLL with a molecular weight range of 359.23-721.37 Da in the two fractions. The amino acid sequence shows a prevalence of hydrophobic amino acids (50-100%) such as valine and leucine in the peptide chains, accounting for its high antioxidant activity. In conclusion, cricket glutelin hydrolysate prepared by Alcalase can serve as an alternative source of potent edible bioactive peptides in functional food products.
蟋蟀含有高蛋白，可用于改善营养，但较少被开发利用。本研究旨在分离不同的蟋蟀蛋白组分，包括白蛋白、球蛋白、谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白。对所有组分进行了表征，并使用商业酶进行水解。结果表明，谷蛋白组分的提取率最高，为53.9±2.12%（P<0.05）。此外，由于其具有较高的抗氧化活性，包括ABTS自由基清除活性（0.44 - 0.55 μmol Trolox当量/g）和金属螯合活性（1721.99 - 1751.71 μmol EDTA当量/g），因此选择用碱性蛋白酶制备的水解度为16.35±0.29%的谷蛋白水解物组分进行进一步纯化。从谷蛋白水解物的连续纯化过程（包括膜超滤和凝胶过滤等过程）中收集到两个活性组分，GA - 1（<3 kDa）和GA - 2（<3 kDa）。通过LC - MS/MS对这些组分进行分析，在这两个组分中鉴定出10种含3 - 13个氨基酸的肽，分别为TEAPLNPK、EVGA、KLL、TGNLPGAAHPLLL、AHLLT、LSPLYE、AGVL、VAAV、VAGL和QLL，分子量范围为359.23 - 721.37 Da。氨基酸序列显示肽链中富含疏水性氨基酸（50 - 100%），如缬氨酸和亮氨酸，这是其具有高抗氧化活性的原因。总之，用碱性蛋白酶制备的蟋蟀谷蛋白水解物可作为功能性食品中强效可食用生物活性肽的替代来源。
