Cruz-Gregorio Alfredo, Aranda-Rivera Ana Karina
Departamento de Biomedicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico.
Life (Basel). 2023 Aug 11;13(8):1730. doi: 10.3390/life13081730.
Quercetin is a flavonoid present in apples, onions, tea, red wines, and berries, and it has shown different beneficial effects, such as providing cardiovascular protection, possessing anti-inflammatory properties, and demonstrating anticancer activity, among others. These diseases are related to oxidizing molecules such as ROS because these species react and induce the oxidation of cellular biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, DNA, or carbohydrates, which alters cellular homeostasis. Regarding lipids, the oxidation of these molecules induces lipid hydroperoxides which, if not decreased, particularly by GPX4, produce highly reactive aldehydes such as 4HNE and MDA. These oxidative conditions induce ferroptosis, a type of cell death associated with oxidation that differs from other types of cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy. The induction of ferroptosis is desired in some diseases, such as cancer, but in others, such as cardiovascular diseases, this type of cell death is not wanted. The possible effects of quercetin associated with reducing or inducing ferroptosis have not been reviewed. Thus, this review focuses on the ability of quercetin to produce ferroptosis in diseases such as cancer as a treatment option and, conversely, on its role in deactivating ferroptosis to alleviate diseases such as cardiovascular diseases.
槲皮素是一种存在于苹果、洋葱、茶、红酒和浆果中的黄酮类化合物，它已显示出不同的有益作用，如提供心血管保护、具有抗炎特性以及表现出抗癌活性等。这些疾病与氧化分子如活性氧（ROS）有关，因为这些物质会发生反应并诱导细胞生物分子如蛋白质、脂质、DNA或碳水化合物的氧化，从而改变细胞内稳态。就脂质而言，这些分子的氧化会诱导脂质氢过氧化物的产生，如果不被特别是谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4（GPX4）降低，就会产生高反应性醛类如4-羟基壬烯醛（4HNE）和丙二醛（MDA）。这些氧化条件会诱导铁死亡，这是一种与氧化相关的细胞死亡类型，与其他类型的细胞死亡如凋亡、坏死或自噬不同。在某些疾病如癌症中，铁死亡的诱导是有益的，但在其他疾病如心血管疾病中，这种类型的细胞死亡是不需要的。槲皮素与减少或诱导铁死亡相关的可能作用尚未被综述。因此，本综述聚焦于槲皮素在癌症等疾病中作为一种治疗选择产生铁死亡的能力，相反，也聚焦于其在使铁死亡失活以减轻心血管疾病等疾病方面的作用。
