Kovalenko Vera L, Kolesnikova Olga A, Nikitin Maxim P, Shipunova Victoria O, Komedchikova Elena N
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia.
Department of Nanobiomedicine, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave., 354340 Sochi, Russia.
Micromachines (Basel). 2023 Aug 21;14(8):1647. doi: 10.3390/mi14081647.
Photothermal therapy is one of the most promising and rapidly developing fields in modern oncology due to its high efficiency, localized action, and minimal invasiveness. Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) incorporating low molecular-weight photothermal dyes are capable of delivering therapeutic agents to the tumor site, releasing them in a controlled manner, and providing tumor treatment under external light irradiation. The nanoparticle synthesis components are critically important factors that influence the therapeutically significant characteristics of polymeric NPs. Here, we show the impact of stabilizers and solvents used for synthesis on the properties of PLGA NPs for photothermal therapy. We synthesized PLGA nanocarriers using the microemulsion method and varied the nature of the solvent and the concentration of the stabilizer-namely, chitosan oligosaccharide lactate. A phthalocyanine-based photosensitizer, which absorbs light in the NIR window, was encapsulated in the PLGA NPs. When mQ water was used as a solvent and chitosan oligosaccharide lactate was used at a concentration of 1 g/L, the PLGA NPs exhibited highly promising photothermal properties. The final composite of the nanocarriers demonstrated photoinduced cytotoxicity against EMT6/P cells under NIR laser irradiation in vitro and was suitable for bioimaging.
光热疗法因其高效性、局部作用和微创性，成为现代肿瘤学中最具前景且发展迅速的领域之一。负载低分子量光热染料的聚合物纳米颗粒（NPs）能够将治疗剂输送到肿瘤部位，以可控方式释放它们，并在外部光照射下实现肿瘤治疗。纳米颗粒合成成分是影响聚合物纳米颗粒治疗重要特性的关键因素。在此，我们展示了用于合成的稳定剂和溶剂对用于光热疗法的聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米颗粒性能的影响。我们采用微乳液法合成了PLGA纳米载体，并改变了溶剂的性质和稳定剂（即壳寡糖乳酸盐）的浓度。一种基于酞菁的光敏剂被包裹在PLGA纳米颗粒中，该光敏剂在近红外窗口吸收光。当使用超纯水（mQ水）作为溶剂且壳寡糖乳酸盐的浓度为1 g/L时，PLGA纳米颗粒表现出极具前景的光热性能。纳米载体的最终复合材料在体外近红外激光照射下对EMT6/P细胞表现出光诱导细胞毒性，并且适用于生物成像。
