Génomique Métabolique, Genoscope, Institut François Jacob, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Evry, Université Paris-Saclay, 91000 Evry, France.
Research Federation for the Study of Global Ocean Systems Ecology and Evolution, FR2022/Tara GOSEE, 75012 Paris, France.
Viruses. 2023 Aug 17;15(8):1758. doi: 10.3390/v15081758.
Our perception of viruses has been drastically evolving since the inception of the field of virology over a century ago. In particular, the discovery of giant viruses from the phylum marked a pivotal moment. Their previously concealed diversity and abundance unearthed an unprecedented complexity in the virus world, a complexity that called for new definitions and concepts. These giant viruses underscore the intricate interactions that unfold over time between viruses and their hosts, and are themselves suspected to have played a significant role as a driving force in the evolution of eukaryotes since the dawn of this cellular domain. Whether they possess exceptional relationships with their hosts or whether they unveil the actual depths of evolutionary connections between viruses and cells otherwise hidden in smaller viruses, the attraction giant viruses exert on the scientific community and beyond continues to grow. Yet, they still hold surprises. Indeed, the recent identification of mirusviruses connects giant viruses to herpesviruses, each belonging to distinct viral realms. This discovery substantially broadens the evolutionary landscape of . Undoubtedly, the years to come will reveal their share of surprises.
自一个多世纪前病毒学领域成立以来,我们对病毒的认识发生了巨大的变化。特别是,巨型病毒的发现标志着一个关键的时刻。它们以前隐藏的多样性和丰富性揭示了病毒世界前所未有的复杂性,这种复杂性需要新的定义和概念。这些巨型病毒强调了病毒与其宿主之间随着时间的推移展开的复杂相互作用,并且它们本身被怀疑在这个细胞领域出现以来作为真核生物进化的驱动力发挥了重要作用。无论它们与宿主是否存在特殊关系,或者它们是否揭示了病毒和细胞之间隐藏在较小病毒中的实际进化联系的深度,巨型病毒对科学界和其他领域的吸引力都在不断增加。然而,它们仍然有惊喜。事实上,最近发现的微小病毒将巨型病毒与疱疹病毒联系起来,疱疹病毒分别属于不同的病毒领域。这一发现极大地拓宽了 的进化景观。毫无疑问,未来的几年将揭示它们的惊喜。