Camargos Janine Carvalho Valentino, Magalhães Gabriela Vigorito, Avellar Letícia Munhoz, Frizera Anselmo, Rinaldi Natalia Madalena
Biomechanical Analysis of Movement Laboratory (Bio. Mov), Physical Education and Sports Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria,Brazil.
Center for Assistive Technology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria,Brazil.
Motor Control. 2023 Aug 26;27(4):880-896. doi: 10.1123/mc.2023-0008. Print 2023 Oct 1.
This study aimed to investigate the kinematic changes in obstacle avoidance and prehension tasks performed simultaneously by older adults with a history of falls at different levels of task difficulty. Twenty-six older adults were divided into faller and nonfaller groups. The experimental protocol was divided into two different tasks: walking with obstacle avoidance and walking with obstacle avoidance combined with a reach-to-grasp task. Two types of sensors (Kinect v2 and Leap Motion Controller, respectively) were used to analyze gait and grasp. Fallers presented kinematic changes associated with the grasping task during obstacle avoidance, such as a decrease in the velocity of the center of mass and the step length, an increase in the step width, a decrease in toe-obstacle horizontal distance, and an increase in vertical foot clearance distance, and an increase in movement time in the grasping task compared with nonfallers. To cope with the obstacle avoidance demands of both walking and grasping, fallers turned to a specific sequencing strategy. While slowing down, they attended first to the grasping task and then to crossing the obstacle on the floor.
本研究旨在调查有跌倒史的老年人在不同任务难度水平下同时进行避障和抓握任务时的运动学变化。26名老年人被分为跌倒组和非跌倒组。实验方案分为两项不同任务：避障行走以及避障行走与伸手抓握任务相结合。分别使用两种类型的传感器（Kinect v2和Leap Motion控制器）来分析步态和抓握情况。与非跌倒者相比，跌倒者在避障过程中呈现出与抓握任务相关的运动学变化，例如质心速度和步长减小、步宽增加、脚趾与障碍物水平距离减小、垂直足间隙距离增加，以及抓握任务中的运动时间增加。为了应对行走和抓握两者的避障需求，跌倒者转向了一种特定的顺序策略。在放慢速度时，他们首先关注抓握任务，然后再关注跨过地面上的障碍物。
