Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, Section Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Altrecht Mental Health Institute, Woerden, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical, Neuro-, and Developmental Psychology, Section Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Altrecht Mental Health Institute, Woerden, The Netherlands.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2023;197:181-196. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-821375-9.00004-9.
Behavioral changes are commonly observed in patients with dementia and can lead to criminal offenses, even without a history of criminal or antisocial behavior. Due to the growth of the aging population, this poses a rising problem to deal with for the criminal justice system and in general for society. Criminal behavior may include minor crimes such as theft or traffic violations, but also serious crimes such as physical abuse, sexual offense, or murder. In the assessment of criminal behavior among elderly (first-time) offenders, it is important to be aware of possible neurodegenerative diseases at the time of the crime. This book chapter provides an overview on criminal behavior in the elderly and specifically discusses existing literature on patients suffering from a neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, frontotemporal dementia, Parkinson disease, and Huntington disease. Each section is introduced by a true case to illustrate how the presence of a neurodegenerative disease may affect the criminal judgment. The chapter ends with a summary, multifactorial model of crime risk, future perspectives, and concluding remarks.
行为改变在痴呆症患者中很常见，可能导致犯罪行为，即使患者没有犯罪或反社会行为的历史。由于人口老龄化的增长，这对刑事司法系统和整个社会来说都是一个日益严重的问题。犯罪行为可能包括轻微犯罪，如盗窃或交通违法行为，也可能包括严重犯罪，如身体虐待、性侵犯或谋杀。在评估老年（初犯）罪犯的犯罪行为时，重要的是要意识到犯罪时可能存在神经退行性疾病。本章提供了关于老年人犯罪行为的概述，并专门讨论了患有神经退行性疾病的患者的现有文献，包括阿尔茨海默病、血管性痴呆、额颞叶痴呆、帕金森病和亨廷顿病。每个部分都以一个真实案例开头，说明神经退行性疾病的存在如何影响刑事判决。本章最后总结、多因素犯罪风险模型、未来展望和结束语。
