Koszałka Aleksandra, Lustyk Klaudia, Pytka Karolina
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland; Jagiellonian University Medical College, Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Św. Łazarza 16, 31-530 Krakow, Poland.
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Oct;153:105374. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105374. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
The differences in cognitive processes driven by biological sex are the issues that have gotten growing attention recently. Considering the increasing population suffering from various cognitive impairments and the development of therapeutic strategies, it is essential that we recognize the mechanisms responsible for discrepancies observed in male and female learning and memory functions. In this review, we discuss recent reports from preclinical studies on rodents regarding selected cognitive domains to explore the state of knowledge on sex-dependent differences and point to challenges encountered during such research. We focus on spatial, recognition, and emotional memory, as well as on executive functions, such as attention, cognitive flexibility, and working memory. This review will help to acknowledge sex-related differences in cognition and indicate some fields that lack sufficient data.
由生物性别驱动的认知过程差异是近来日益受到关注的问题。鉴于患有各种认知障碍的人口不断增加以及治疗策略的发展，认识到导致男性和女性学习与记忆功能出现差异的机制至关重要。在本综述中，我们讨论了近期关于啮齿动物的临床前研究报告，涉及选定的认知领域，以探索性别依赖性差异的知识现状，并指出此类研究中遇到的挑战。我们关注空间记忆、识别记忆和情绪记忆，以及执行功能，如注意力、认知灵活性和工作记忆。本综述将有助于认识认知方面与性别相关的差异，并指出一些缺乏足够数据的领域。
