College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
College of Environment and Resource, Shanxi Laboratory for Yellow River, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Nov 1;336:122442. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122442. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
Long-term human smelting activities have resulted in substantial heavy metals (HMs) pollution of farmland soils around smelting sites, and the safety of farmland products is critical for human health. The current study focuses on HMs in farmland soils surrounding a single smelter, therefore the impact of smelting on a national scale needs to be investigated further. This study was based on 116 papers and 1143 sets of relevant data for meta-analysis, and a hierarchical mixed-effects model was used to quantify the changes of HMs concentrations in farmland soils affected by non-ferrous metal smelting on a national scale, as well as their relationships with relevant explanatory variables in China. Results showed that: (i) non-ferrous metal smelting substantially increased farmland soils HMs concentrations (323%), with each HM concentration increasing in the following order: Cd (2753%) > Pb (562%) > Hg (455%) > Zn (228%) > Cu (158%) > As (107%) > Ni (52%); (ii) the highest increase of HMs in vegetable fields (361%), but not significant in comparison to other farmland categories, and the increase of Pb, Zn, Cu and As concentrations were significantly different in different types of smelting areas; (iii) the increase of Hg was significantly higher in the northern region than in the southern region, and the opposite increase of Cu; (iv) the soil depth from 0 to 40 cm was significantly affected by smelting, and the increase of multiple HMs were significantly positively correlated with soil pH and negatively correlated with distance; (v) the other explanatory variables (farmland category and soil organic matter) were not significantly related to the effect of smelting. The results can provide some reference for protecting and restoring farmland soils around smelting areas.
长期的人类冶炼活动导致了冶炼场周围农田土壤中大量重金属（HMs）的污染，农田产品的安全性对人类健康至关重要。本研究侧重于单个冶炼厂周围的农田土壤中的 HMs，因此需要进一步研究冶炼对全国范围的影响。本研究基于 116 篇论文和 1143 组相关数据进行荟萃分析，采用层次混合效应模型量化了全国范围内有色冶炼对农田土壤中 HMs 浓度的影响及其与中国相关解释变量的关系。结果表明：（i）有色冶炼显著增加了农田土壤中 HMs 的浓度（323%），每种 HM 的浓度增加顺序为：Cd（2753%）>Pb（562%）>Hg（455%）>Zn（228%）>Cu（158%）>As（107%）>Ni（52%）；（ii）蔬菜地中 HMs 的增加幅度最大（361%），但与其他农田类型相比不显著，不同类型的冶炼区中 Pb、Zn、Cu 和 As 浓度的增加存在显著差异；（iii）Hg 在北方地区的增加幅度明显高于南方地区，而 Cu 的增加幅度则相反；（iv）0-40 cm 土层深度受冶炼的显著影响，多种 HMs 的增加与土壤 pH 值呈显著正相关，与距离呈显著负相关；（v）其他解释变量（农田类型和土壤有机质）与冶炼的影响无显著关系。研究结果可为保护和修复冶炼区周围农田土壤提供参考。
