Atkinson Hayden F, Norris Alexander
School of Physical Therapy, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
Bone & Joint Institute, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 3K7, Canada.
Heliyon. 2023 Aug 9;9(8):e19005. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19005. eCollection 2023 Aug.
The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines (24HMG) provide evidence-based recommendations for health behaviours, including light physical activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behaviour (SB), sleep, and muscle strengthening activities. These behaviours likely changed as a result of public health measures implemented throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to understand how Canadians' health behaviours changed during the pandemic.
We conducted a nationwide survey asking Canadians aged 18-64 to report their health behaviours according to the 24HMG at three timepoints: 1) immediately prior to the pandemic, 2) the most restricted timepoint of the pandemic, and 3) more recently, in March 2022.
We received 494 eligible responses from across Canada. Prior to the pandemic, only 7.7% of respondents were able to meet all 24HMG, which reduced to 3.8% during the most restricted phase of the pandemic (p < 0.01). During this timepoint, self-reported MVPA decreased by -21.9 55.6 weekly minutes, muscle strengthening decreased by -0.34 0.94 weekly sessions, and SB increased by 0.88 2.04 daily hours (p < 0.00001 for all), with nonsignificant increases in nightly sleep. At the more recent March 2022 timepoint, mild recoveries were observed in all health behaviours, however remained significantly lower than baseline levels, with the exception of sleep, which decreased significantly (-0.18 1.42 nightly hours, p = 0.005).
Unfavourable health behaviour changes among Canadians were observed throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, which increases the risk for acute and long-term health conditions. Improved education, infrastructure, and support from public and private sectors can reverse the negative risk factors that arise from these health behaviour changes, and can improve the culture of proactive health behaviours in Canada.
《加拿大24小时运动指南》（24HMG）为健康行为提供循证建议，包括轻度身体活动、中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）、久坐行为（SB）、睡眠和肌肉强化活动。这些行为可能因在整个新冠疫情期间实施的公共卫生措施而发生了变化。我们旨在了解加拿大人的健康行为在疫情期间是如何变化的。
我们开展了一项全国性调查，要求18至64岁的加拿大人在三个时间点根据24HMG报告他们的健康行为：1）疫情之前；2）疫情最严格的时间点；3）最近，即2022年3月。
我们收到了来自加拿大各地的494份合格回复。在疫情之前，只有7.7%的受访者能够满足所有24HMG，在疫情最严格阶段这一比例降至3.8%（p < 0.01）。在此时间点，自我报告的每周MVPA减少了-21.9±55.6分钟，每周肌肉强化活动减少了-0.34±0.94次，每天久坐行为增加了0.88±2.04小时（所有p < 0.00001），夜间睡眠有不显著增加。在最近的2022年3月时间点，所有健康行为都出现了轻度恢复，但仍显著低于基线水平，睡眠除外，睡眠显著减少（每晚-0.18±1.42小时，p = 0.005）。
在整个新冠疫情期间观察到加拿大人的健康行为出现了不利变化，这增加了急性和长期健康状况的风险。改善教育、基础设施以及公共和私营部门的支持可以扭转这些健康行为变化产生的负面风险因素，并可以改善加拿大积极健康行为的文化。
