Hill Sarah J, Dao Nathan, Dang Vuong Q, Stahl Edward L, Bohn Laura M, Shenvi Ryan A
Department of Chemistry, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States.
ACS Cent Sci. 2023 Jul 12;9(8):1567-1574. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00616. eCollection 2023 Aug 23.
The salvinorins serve as templates for next generation analgesics, antipruritics, and dissociative hallucinogens via selective and potent agonism of the kappa-opioid receptor (KOR). In contrast to most opioids, the salvinorins lack basic amines and bind with high affinity and selectivity via complex polyoxygenated scaffolds that have frustrated deep-seated modification by synthesis. Here we describe a short asymmetric synthesis that relies on a sterically confined organocatalyst to dissociate acidity from reactivity and effect Robinson annulation of an unactivated nucleophile/unstable electrophile pair. Combined with a cobalt-catalyzed polarized diene-alkyne cycloaddition, the route allows divergent access to a focused library of salvinorins. We appraise the synthesis by its generation of multiple analogs that exceed the potency, selectivity, stability, and functional bias of salvinorin A itself.
通过对κ-阿片受体(KOR)的选择性和强效激动作用,萨尔维诺林类化合物可作为新一代镇痛药、止痒药和解离性致幻剂的模板。与大多数阿片类药物不同,萨尔维诺林类化合物缺乏碱性胺基,而是通过复杂的多氧化支架以高亲和力和选择性结合,这种支架难以通过合成进行深层次修饰。在此,我们描述了一种简短的不对称合成方法,该方法依赖于空间受限的有机催化剂,以将酸度与反应性分离,并实现未活化亲核试剂/不稳定亲电试剂对的罗宾逊环化反应。结合钴催化的极化二烯-炔烃环加成反应,该路线能够以不同方式获得一个聚焦的萨尔维诺林类化合物库。我们通过生成多种类似物来评估该合成方法,这些类似物在效力、选择性、稳定性和功能偏向性方面均超过了萨尔维诺林A本身。