Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Pain Pract. 2024 Jan;24(1):177-185. doi: 10.1111/papr.13290. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
Neuromodulation has emerged as a promising therapy for the management of chronic pain, movement disorders, and other neurological conditions. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a widely used form of neuromodulation that involves the delivery of electrical impulses to the spinal cord to modulate the transmission of pain signals to the brain. In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the use of automation systems to improve the efficacy and safety of SCS. This narrative review summarizes the status of Food and Drug Administration-approved autonomous neuromodulation devices including closed loop, feedforward, and feedback systems. The review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each system and focuses specifically on the use of these systems for SCS. It is important for clinicians to understand the expanding role of automation in neuromodulation in order to select appropriate therapies founded on automation systems to the specific needs of the patient and the underlying condition.
The review also provides insights into the current state of the art in neuromodulation automation systems and discusses potential future directions for research in this field.
神经调节已成为治疗慢性疼痛、运动障碍和其他神经疾病的一种有前途的疗法。脊髓刺激（SCS）是一种广泛使用的神经调节形式，它涉及向脊髓传递电脉冲，以调节疼痛信号向大脑的传输。近年来，人们越来越关注使用自动化系统来提高 SCS 的疗效和安全性。本叙述性综述总结了已获得美国食品和药物管理局批准的自主神经调节设备的现状，包括闭环、前馈和反馈系统。该综述讨论了每种系统的优缺点，并特别关注这些系统在 SCS 中的应用。临床医生了解自动化在神经调节中不断扩大的作用非常重要，以便根据自动化系统为患者的具体需求和潜在病情选择合适的治疗方法。
该综述还提供了对神经调节自动化系统当前技术水平的深入了解，并讨论了该领域未来研究的潜在方向。
