Department of Exercise and Sport Performance, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; and.
Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education in Katowice, Katowice, Poland.
J Strength Cond Res. 2023 Dec 1;37(12):2354-2361. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004557. Epub 2023 Aug 25.
Krzysztof, K, Aleksander, M, Adam, Z, and Krzysztofik, M. Sprint resisted and assisted priming for peak performance. J Strength Cond Res 37(12): 2354-2361, 2023-This study aimed to investigate resisted and assisted sprint, or a combination of both, as a conditioning activity (CA) on creatine kinase activity, biceps femoris stiffness, postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE), and priming in a sprint. Ten female sprinters (age: 20.1 ± 2.3 years, body mass: 56.4 ± 4.2 kg, body height: 171 ± 5 cm, training experience: 5.6 ± 2 years) participated. Before the warm-up, blood samples were drawn to determine creatine kinase at baseline. After the warm-up, biceps femoris stiffness was determined, and consequently, 50-m sprint time (with 0- to 20-m and 20- to50-m split time evaluation) was assessed 5 minutes before (pre-CA) and in the seventh minute after the completion of each CA (4 sets of 40 m either: 10% body mass resisted [RST]; 105% maximum velocity assisted [AST] sprint; or 2 sets of each sprint as the CA [COMB]), as well as after 48 hours of recovery. Furthermore, another blood sample was taken 48 hours later, before the warm-up, to assess changes in creatine kinase activity. A significantly higher 20-m sprint time at post-CA ( p = 0.006; ES = 0.4) and post-48 ( p = 0.011; ES = 0.59) compared with pre-CA in the RST condition was found, whereas a significantly lower sprint time was reported in post-48 compared with post-CA ( p = 0.019; ES = 0.44) in the COMB condition. However, a significantly lower 30-m flying sprint time at post-CA ( p < 0.001; ES = 0.28) and at post-48 ( p = 0.014; ES = 0.22) compared with pre-CA in the RST condition was revealed. Moreover, a significantly lower 30-m flying sprint time at post-48 compared with the pre-CA ( p = 0.007; ES = 0.7 and p = 0.003; ES = 0.77) and with the post-CA ( p = 0.019; ES = 0.61 and p = 0.009; ES = 0.68) in the AST condition and COMB was reported. Furthermore, a significantly lower 50-m sprint time at post-48 compared with pre-CA ( p = 0.015; ES = 0.51 and p = 0.011; ES = 0.64) and with post-CA ( p = 0.005; ES = 0.46 and p = 0.001; ES = 0.55) in the AST and COMB condition were found. The creatine kinase activity at post-48 during AST was significantly lower than during RST ( p = 0.028; ES = 0.73) and COMB ( p = 0.028; ES = 1.48). No significant changes were found for biceps femoris stiffness ( p = 0.085; η 2 = 0.199). The COMB and AST contributed to the improvement of the 50-m sprint time 48 hours after activation, which may be a good precompetition approach. However, during training sessions aiming to induce an acute PAPE effect and improve the 30-m flying sprint time, the best solution might be to use low-volume-resisted sprints.
克日什托夫·K、亚历山大·M、亚当·Z 和克日什托菲克·M. 进行抗阻和助力冲刺以达到最佳表现。《J 力量与体能研究》37(12)：2354-2361，2023 年-本研究旨在探讨抗阻和助力冲刺，或两者的结合，作为一种激活活动 (CA)，对肌酸激酶活性、股二头肌硬度、后激活性能增强 (PAPE) 和冲刺的预激活产生影响。10 名女性短跑运动员（年龄：20.1±2.3 岁，体重：56.4±4.2 千克，身高：171±5 厘米，训练经验：5.6±2 年）参与了研究。在热身前，抽取血液样本以确定肌酸激酶的基线水平。在热身之后，测定股二头肌硬度，随后评估 50 米冲刺时间（评估 0 到 20 米和 20 到 50 米的分段时间），在每个 CA（4 组 40 米，分别为 10%体重抗阻 [RST]；105%最大速度助力 [AST] 冲刺；或 2 组各冲刺作为 CA [COMB]）完成前 5 分钟和完成后第 7 分钟进行评估，以及在 48 小时恢复后进行评估。此外，在恢复 48 小时后，在热身前再次抽取血液样本，以评估肌酸激酶活性的变化。在 RST 条件下，后 CA （p=0.006；ES=0.4）和后 48 小时（p=0.011；ES=0.59）的 20 米冲刺时间显著高于前 CA，而在 COMB 条件下，后 48 小时的冲刺时间显著低于后 CA（p=0.019；ES=0.44）。然而，在 RST 条件下，后 CA（p<0.001；ES=0.28）和后 48 小时（p=0.014；ES=0.22）的 30 米飞跑冲刺时间显著低于前 CA。此外，在 AST 和 COMB 条件下，后 48 小时的 30 米飞跑冲刺时间显著低于前 CA（p=0.007；ES=0.7 和 p=0.003；ES=0.77）和后 CA（p=0.019；ES=0.61 和 p=0.009；ES=0.68）。此外，在后 CA （p=0.015；ES=0.51 和 p=0.011；ES=0.64）和后 48 小时（p=0.005；ES=0.46 和 p=0.001；ES=0.55）的 AST 和 COMB 条件下，后 48 小时的 50 米冲刺时间显著低于前 CA。在 AST 时的肌酸激酶活性显著低于 RST（p=0.028；ES=0.73）和 COMB（p=0.028；ES=1.48）时的肌酸激酶活性。股二头肌硬度无显著变化（p=0.085；η2=0.199）。COMB 和 AST 有助于在激活后 48 小时提高 50 米冲刺时间，这可能是一种很好的赛前方法。然而，在旨在诱导急性 PAPE 效应和提高 30 米飞跑冲刺时间的训练中，最好的解决方案可能是使用低负荷抗阻冲刺。
