Oncode Institute and Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584, CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Chromosome Res. 2023 Aug 29;31(3):25. doi: 10.1007/s10577-023-09735-7.
An abnormal chromosome number, or aneuploidy, underlies developmental disorders and is a common feature of cancer, with different cancer types exhibiting distinct patterns of chromosomal gains and losses. To understand how specific aneuploidies emerge in certain tissues and how they contribute to disease development, various methods have been developed to alter the karyotype of mammalian cells and mice. In this review, we provide an overview of both classic and novel strategies for inducing or selecting specific chromosomal gains and losses in human and murine cell systems. We highlight how these customized aneuploidy models helped expanding our knowledge of the consequences of specific aneuploidies to (cancer) cell physiology.
异常染色体数量，即非整倍体，是发育障碍的基础，也是癌症的一个常见特征，不同类型的癌症表现出不同的染色体增益和丢失模式。为了了解特定组织中特定的非整倍体如何出现以及它们如何导致疾病的发展，已经开发出各种方法来改变哺乳动物细胞和小鼠的核型。在这篇综述中，我们提供了对诱导或选择人类和鼠类细胞系统中特定染色体增益和丢失的经典和新策略的概述。我们强调了这些定制的非整倍体模型如何帮助我们扩展对特定非整倍体对（癌症）细胞生理学的影响的认识。
