Liu Xigui, Fang Liping, Yan Xiliang, Gardea-Torresdey Jorge L, Gao Yan, Zhou Xiaoxia, Yan Bing
Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area, Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10;903:166585. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166585. Epub 2023 Aug 27.
Microplastics (MPs) contamination is becoming a significant environmental issue, as the widespread omnipresence of MPs can cause many adverse consequences for both ecological systems and humans. Contrary to what is commonly thought, the toxicity-inducing MPs are not the original pristine plastics; rather, they are completely transformed through various surface functional groups and aggressive biofilm formation on MPs via aging or weathering processes. Therefore, understanding the impacts of MPs' surface functional groups and biofilm formation on biogeochemical processes, such as environmental fate, transport, and toxicity, is crucial. In this review, we present a comprehensive summary of the distinctive impact that surface functional groups and biofilm formation of MPs have on their significant biogeochemical behavior in various environmental media, as well as their toxicity and biological effects. We place emphasis on the role of surface functional groups and biofilm formation as a means of influencing the biogeochemical processes of MPs. This includes their effects on pollutant fate and element cycling, which in turn impacts the aggregation, transport, and toxicity of MPs. Ultimately, future research studies and tactics are needed to improve our understanding of the biogeochemical processes that are influenced by the surface functional groups and biofilm formation of MPs.
微塑料（MPs）污染正成为一个重大的环境问题，因为微塑料广泛存在且无处不在，会对生态系统和人类造成许多不利后果。与普遍看法相反，具有毒性的微塑料并非原始的纯净塑料；相反，它们通过各种表面官能团以及在老化或风化过程中微塑料上形成的活性生物膜而发生了完全转变。因此，了解微塑料的表面官能团和生物膜形成对生物地球化学过程（如环境归宿、迁移和毒性）的影响至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们全面总结了微塑料的表面官能团和生物膜形成对其在各种环境介质中的重要生物地球化学行为，以及对其毒性和生物学效应的独特影响。我们强调表面官能团和生物膜形成作为影响微塑料生物地球化学过程的一种方式所起的作用。这包括它们对污染物归宿和元素循环的影响，进而影响微塑料的聚集、迁移和毒性。最终，需要未来的研究和策略来增进我们对受微塑料表面官能团和生物膜形成影响的生物地球化学过程的理解。
