Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Periodontology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 12, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
BMC Oral Health. 2023 Aug 29;23(1):609. doi: 10.1186/s12903-023-03343-x.
Aim of the current study was the assessment of risk classes according to a previously established system to classify the anamnesis-related risk of complications and of oral diseases in a cohort of patients attending the dental student course for dental preventive measures.
Patients attending the student course between April 2020 and December 2021 were included. To assess the medical history, a specific anamnesis tool was used, which included the classification of different potential anamneis-related risks originating from general diseases, medications or lifestyle factors into a low, moderate or high risk of complications and/or risk of oral diseases. Thereby, the risk of complications was defined as the increaeed probability of harm during dental measures (professional tooth cleaning, invasive dental treatment or any kind of manipulation, which may cause a bacteremia), e.g. infectious endocarditis. On the other hand, the risk of oral diseases was an increaeed probability of development and/or progression of oral diseases like caries, periodontitis or mucosal diseases. Those risk classes were subsequently analyzed under consideration of age and gender.
858 patients, with a mean age of 50.48 ± 20.72 [median: 52.0] years, and a nearly balanced gender distribution (50.8% female and 49.2% male) were included. In the overall cohort, the risk of complications related with dental measures was low in 38.3%, moderate in 42.4% and high in 19.3% of participants. The risk of oral diseases was low in 33.1%, moderate in 37.2% and high in 29.7% of participants. Both, the risk of complications and the risk of oral diseases increased with patients' age (p < 0.01). Thereby, the risk of complications as well as the risk of oral diseases related to general diseases and medication significantly increased with age (p < 0.01).
Nearly one fifth of patients in dental student couse show a high risk of complications related with dental measures. Morever, nearly one third of those individuals have a high anamnesis-related risk of oral diseases. With increasing age, the amount of patients in high risk classes becomes higher. Future dental education and research should address the high relevance of anamnesis-related risk factors.
本研究的目的是根据先前建立的系统评估风险类别，以对参加牙科学生预防措施课程的患者队列中的并发症和口腔疾病的病史相关风险进行分类。
纳入 2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 12 月期间参加学生课程的患者。为了评估病史，使用了一种特定的病史工具，该工具将来自一般疾病、药物或生活方式因素的不同潜在病史相关风险分类为并发症和/或口腔疾病的低、中或高风险。因此，并发症风险被定义为在牙科措施期间（专业洁牙、侵入性牙科治疗或任何可能引起菌血症的操作）伤害增加的概率，例如感染性心内膜炎。另一方面，口腔疾病的风险是指口腔疾病的发生和/或进展的概率增加，例如龋齿、牙周炎或粘膜疾病。随后，根据年龄和性别分析这些风险类别。
纳入了 858 名患者，平均年龄为 50.48±20.72[中位数：52.0]岁，性别分布几乎均衡（女性占 50.8%，男性占 49.2%）。在整个队列中，与牙科措施相关的并发症风险低的占 38.3%，中风险的占 42.4%，高风险的占 19.3%。口腔疾病风险低的占 33.1%，中风险的占 37.2%，高风险的占 29.7%。患者年龄越大，并发症风险和口腔疾病风险越高（p<0.01）。此外，与一般疾病和药物相关的并发症风险和口腔疾病风险随着年龄的增长而显著增加（p<0.01）。
在牙科学生课程中，近五分之一的患者存在与牙科措施相关的并发症高风险。此外，近三分之一的患者存在口腔疾病高病史相关风险。随着年龄的增长，高风险人群的数量增加。未来的牙科教育和研究应关注病史相关风险因素的高度相关性。
