Department of Public Health, Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Woldia, Ethiopia.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Science, Woldia University, Po. Box: 400, Woldia, Ethiopia.
BMC Womens Health. 2023 Aug 29;23(1):458. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02580-0.
Precancerous cervical lesion is a priority public health problem that jeopardizes the life of enormous women. previous studies in Ethiopia were more focused on knowledge, attitude, and practices of Cervical cancer screening. studies on the risk factors of pre-cancerous cervical lesions among the risk population (HIV infected) relative to the general population were limited. This study aimed to identify the determinants of precancerous cervical lesions among HIV Infected Women in Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Northeast Ethiopia, 2022.
Hospital-based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Woldia Comprehensive Specialized Hospital among HIV-infected women from June to August 2022. Data were collected from 104 cases and 208 controls using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and clinical data from the patient chart using Electronic Medical Record _ Anti-Retroviral Therapy Smart care database checklist. The binary logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of the precancerous cervical lesion. An odds ratio with a 95% Confidence interval was used to measure the association and p-value < 0.05 were considered significant.
Women who have two or more lifetime sexual partners (AOR = 3.21,95% CI: 1.71-6.04), history of sexually transmitted infection (AOR = 4.97, 95% CI: 2.78-8.78), early age at first sexual intercourse (< 18 years) (AOR = 4.35,95% CI: 2.48-7.67) and baseline CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 (AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1-3.57) had a higher odd of developing a precancerous cervical lesion.
This study confirms that having a history of sexually transmitted infection, two or more lifetime sexual Partners, the initiation of sexual intercourse before the age of 18 years, and Baseline CD4 count < 200 cells/mm3 were determinants for precancerous cervical lesions. So it should be focused on prevention through early detection and treatment of sexually transmitted infections.
癌前宫颈病变是一个优先的公共卫生问题，危及着大量女性的生命。以前在埃塞俄比亚的研究更多地集中在宫颈癌筛查的知识、态度和实践上。与一般人群相比，针对艾滋病毒感染者（HIV 感染者）这一高危人群中癌前宫颈病变危险因素的研究有限。本研究旨在确定 2022 年在埃塞俄比亚东北部沃尔迪亚综合专科医院感染 HIV 的妇女中宫颈癌前病变的决定因素。
2022 年 6 月至 8 月，在沃尔迪亚综合专科医院进行了一项基于医院的病例对照研究，研究对象为感染 HIV 的妇女。使用访谈者管理的问卷和电子病历_抗逆转录病毒治疗智能护理数据库检查表从患者病历中收集了 104 例病例和 208 例对照的数据。使用二项逻辑回归模型确定癌前宫颈病变的决定因素。使用比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）来衡量关联，p 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
有两个或两个以上性伴侣（OR=3.21，95%CI：1.71-6.04）、有性传播感染史（OR=4.97，95%CI：2.78-8.78）、初次性行为年龄较早（<18 岁）（OR=4.35，95%CI：2.48-7.67）和基线 CD4 计数<200 个细胞/mm3（OR=1.89，95%CI：1-3.57）的妇女发生宫颈癌前病变的几率更高。
本研究证实，有性传播感染史、两个或两个以上性伴侣、18 岁以前开始性行为、基线 CD4 计数<200 个细胞/mm3是宫颈癌前病变的决定因素。因此，应通过早期发现和治疗性传播感染来重点预防。
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