International Research Center of Excellence, Institute of Human Virology, Abuja, Nigeria.
Clinical Trials Service Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Br J Cancer. 2020 Jul;123(1):148-154. doi: 10.1038/s41416-020-0831-9. Epub 2020 Apr 27.
Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
Trends in the incidence of cervical cancer are examined for a period of 10-25 years in 10 population-based cancer registries across eight SSA countries (Gambia, Kenya, Malawi, Mauritius, Seychelles, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe). A total of 21,990 cases of cervical cancer were included in the analyses.
Incidence rates had increased in all registries for some or all of the periods studied, except for Mauritius with a constant annual 2.5% decline. Eastern Cape and Blantyre (Malawi) registries showed significant increases over time, with the most rapid being in Blantyre (7.9% annually). In Kampala (Uganda), a significant increase was noted (2.2%) until 2006, followed by a non-significant decline. In Eldoret, a decrease (1998-2002) was followed by a significant increase (9.5%) from 2002 to 2016.
Overall, cervical cancer incidence has been increasing in SSA. The current high-level advocacy to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in SSA needs to be translated into support for prevention (vaccination against human papillomavirus and population-wide screening), with careful monitoring of results through population-based registries.
宫颈癌是撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）地区女性中第二常见的癌症和癌症死亡的主要原因。
在八个 SSA 国家（冈比亚、肯尼亚、马拉维、毛里求斯、塞舌尔、南非、乌干达和津巴布韦）的 10 个基于人群的癌症登记处，对 10-25 年期间宫颈癌发病率的趋势进行了研究。共纳入了 21990 例宫颈癌病例进行分析。
除了毛里求斯每年持续下降 2.5%外，所有登记处的某些或所有时期的发病率都有所增加。东开普省和布兰太尔（马拉维）登记处的发病率随着时间的推移呈显著上升趋势，其中上升最快的是布兰太尔（每年 7.9%）。在坎帕拉（乌干达），发病率显著增加（2.2%），直到 2006 年，随后呈非显著下降趋势。在埃尔多雷特，发病率下降（1998-2002 年），随后从 2002 年到 2016 年显著增加（9.5%）。
总体而言，宫颈癌发病率在 SSA 地区呈上升趋势。目前，为减少 SSA 地区宫颈癌负担而开展的高强度宣传活动需要转化为对预防（接种人乳头瘤病毒疫苗和全民筛查）的支持，并通过基于人群的登记处仔细监测结果。
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