School of Social Work, Portland State University School of Social Work, Portland, Oregon (Blajeski); School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M. J. Smith, Harrington, Ross, Weaver); United States Army, Nashville (Johnson); Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago (Razzano); Thresholds, Chicago (Razzano, Pashka, Brown, Prestipino, Nelson, Lieberman); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago (Jordan); Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr. Veterans Affairs Hospital, Hines, Illinois (Jordan); State of Illinois Department of Human Services, Chicago (Oulvey); Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Boston University, Boston (Mueser, McGurk); Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven (Bell); Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah Eccles School of Medicine, Salt Lake City (J. D. Smith).
Psychiatr Serv. 2024 Mar 1;75(3):228-236. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.20230023. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Employment rates among individuals with serious mental illness may be improved by engagement in the individual placement and support (IPS) model of supported employment. Results from a recent randomized controlled trial (RCT) indicate that virtual reality job interview training (VR-JIT) improves employment rates among individuals with serious mental illness who have been actively engaged in IPS for at least 90 days. This study reports on an initial implementation evaluation of VR-JIT during the RCT in a community mental health agency.
A sequential, complementary mixed-methods design included use of qualitative data to improve understanding of quantitative findings. Thirteen IPS staff trained to lead VR-JIT implementation completed VR-JIT acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility surveys. Participants randomly assigned to IPS with VR-JIT completed acceptability (N=42) and usability (N=28) surveys after implementation. The authors also conducted five focus groups with IPS staff (N=11) and VR-JIT recipients (N=13) and semistructured interviews with IPS staff (N=9) and VR-JIT recipients (N=4), followed by an integrated analysis process.
Quantitative results suggest that IPS staff found VR-JIT to be highly acceptable, appropriate for integration with IPS, and feasible for delivery. VR-JIT was highly acceptable to recipients. Qualitative results add important context to the quantitative findings, including benefits of VR-JIT for IPS staff as well as adaptations for delivering technology-based interventions to individuals with serious mental illness.
These qualitative and quantitative findings are consistent with each other and were influenced by VR-JIT's adaptability and perceived benefits. Tailoring VR-JIT instruction and delivery to individuals with serious mental illness may help optimize VR-JIT implementation within IPS.
通过参与个体安置和支持（IPS）模式的支持性就业，可提高严重精神疾病患者的就业率。最近一项随机对照试验（RCT）的结果表明，虚拟现实求职面试培训（VR-JIT）可提高积极参与 IPS 至少 90 天的严重精神疾病患者的就业率。本研究报告了在社区心理健康机构的 RCT 中 VR-JIT 的初步实施评估结果。
采用顺序、互补的混合方法设计，包括使用定性数据来提高对定量发现的理解。13 名接受过 VR-JIT 培训以领导实施的 IPS 工作人员完成了 VR-JIT 的可接受性、适宜性和可行性调查。参与者随机分配到 IPS+VR-JIT，实施后完成可接受性（N=42）和可用性（N=28）调查。作者还与 IPS 工作人员（N=11）和 VR-JIT 参与者（N=13）进行了五次焦点小组讨论，并对 IPS 工作人员（N=9）和 VR-JIT 参与者（N=4）进行了半结构化访谈，然后进行了综合分析过程。
定量结果表明，IPS 工作人员认为 VR-JIT 非常可接受，适合与 IPS 整合，并且可以实施。VR-JIT 受到参与者的高度认可。定性结果为定量结果提供了重要的背景信息，包括 VR-JIT 对 IPS 工作人员的好处，以及为严重精神疾病患者提供基于技术的干预措施的适应性。
这些定性和定量发现相互一致，并受到 VR-JIT 的适应性和感知益处的影响。根据严重精神疾病患者的个体情况对 VR-JIT 进行调整和实施，可能有助于优化 IPS 内的 VR-JIT 实施。
