Centre for Contemporary Chinese Studies, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Glob Public Health. 2023 Jan;18(1):2252049. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2023.2252049.
The Chinese government has been prioritising the strengthening of its primary care system over the past two decades. This study reviews China's national policies in this domain from 2003 to 2018, incorporating academic literature and interviews with health officials and primary care providers. The aim is to assess these policies in alignment with the government's reform agenda and the ideal primary care system advocated in the public health literature. Initially focusing on network and infrastructure development, the Chinese government has progressively shifted its focus towards enhancing human resources and improving the service attributes of primary care facilities. Supported by detailed guidelines and increased funding, substantial progress has been made. Despite these advancements, significant gaps persist when comparing the current state of China's primary care system to the envisioned ideal. To gain a comprehensive understanding of these gaps, it is crucial to consider the Chinese government's agenda and the country's unique development trajectory, which has been influenced by its history of planned economy.
过去二十年来，中国政府一直将加强基层医疗体系作为优先事项。本研究回顾了 2003 年至 2018 年中国在这一领域的国家政策，纳入了学术文献和对卫生官员和基层医疗提供者的访谈。目的是根据政府的改革议程和公共卫生文献中倡导的理想基层医疗体系来评估这些政策。中国政府最初专注于网络和基础设施的发展，逐步将重点转向加强人力资源和改善基层医疗设施的服务属性。在详细指导方针和资金增加的支持下，取得了实质性进展。尽管取得了这些进展，但将中国当前的基层医疗体系现状与理想状态进行比较，仍存在显著差距。为了全面了解这些差距，必须考虑中国政府的议程以及该国独特的发展轨迹，这受到其计划经济历史的影响。
