High-Efficient Anti-Icing/Deicing Method Based on Graphene Foams.

Anti-icing/deicing has always been a focal issue in modern industries. A novel anti-icing/deicing material based on graphene foams (GF) is prepared in this paper, which integrates multiple functions, including electrothermal conversion, photothermal conversion, and superhydrophobicity. The GF sheet is used as a bottom layer bonded on the protected substrate, which is covered by a polymeric composite coating filled with TiN and SiO nanoparticles. Electric heating and light heating experiments are performed to study the anti-icing/deicing performances of such a GF-based material. It is found that, under the unique action of electric fields, a voltage of only 1 V is needed to increase the surface temperature from minus tens of degrees to the one above zero within 400 s, which is much lower than their previous counterparts of more than 10 V to achieve the same unfreezing effect. A slight increase of the applied voltage to 1.5 V can even result in a remarkable increase of the surface temperature from room temperature to more than 150 °C within 200 s, in contrast to existing electric heating techniques to attain peak temperatures of about 100 °C at the expense of tens of volts. Such performances enable the GF-based material to achieve an outstanding electrothermal energy conversion rate of more than 90%. Furthermore, with the help of sunlight illumination in addition to the electric power, not only can the critical voltage to prevent icing be reduced but also a much more rapid and adequate removal of ice or frost from the surface can be realized compared with the deicing/defrosting performance under either electric or light field alone. All of these results demonstrate the obvious advantages of the present method in superior energy utilization efficiency and universal applicability to dark and sunlight environments, which should be particularly useful for at-all-cost protection of key components in industrial equipment from icing.