Torregosa Marivic B, Patricio Orlando M, Del Rosario Benavides Maria
Texas A&M International University, USA.
Laredo College, USA.
Nurse Educ Pract. 2023 Oct;72:103757. doi: 10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103757. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
AIM/OBJECTIVE: The current study examined the long-term impact of SANE programming on the confidence of SANE trainees and on their attitudes toward the SANE role after obtaining SANE certification.
Nationally, sexual assault examiners (SANEs) are in short supply. However, the shortage of SANE nurses takes on a special meaning in the medically underserved United States- Mexico border region where human trafficking is seen as a threat in the region and sexual assaults may be less likely to be reported. In recent years, SANE training programs have established across the country to address the shortage of SANEs. Although positive outcomes have been reported among SANE training programs, the long-term outcomes of programming for trainees are not known.
A descriptive longitudinal study with repeated measures was conducted.
A total of N = 66 registered nurses who had more than 2 years of nursing work experience were recruited to participate in a SANE training program. The current study included only n = 27 participants who completed the questionnaire at 3 points (Time 1) baseline, (Time 2) 6 months after SANE certification, and at (Time 3) 12 months after SANE certification. General linear modeling and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Type 1 error was set at p = 0.10. An original 43-item questionnaire was developed to measure the SANE trainees' confidence and their attitudes toward the SANE role.
Initially, an increased sense of self-confidence was found among trainees at least six months after completing SANE certification; however, this slowly diminished after one year. Likewise, attitudes toward the SANE role deteriorated six months after obtaining SANE certification.
Lack of support and infrastructure to integrate SANE into the wider medico-legal community could explain the diminishing confidence and attitudes of SANE toward the role. The findings of this study have implications for the establishment of support infrastructures in the workplace and community to enhance the recruitment of nurses in SANE programs, the retention of SANEs in the workforce, the sustainability of SANE programs in underserved communities, and the establishment of protocols to integrate SANEs into sexual assault response teams (SARTs), especially in medically underserved US-Mexico border regions.
本研究考察了性侵犯护理 examiner（SANE）培训项目对 SANE 学员信心的长期影响，以及他们在获得 SANE 认证后对 SANE 角色的态度。
在全国范围内，性侵犯检查人员（SANE）供不应求。然而，在医疗服务不足的美墨边境地区，SANE 护士短缺具有特殊意义，该地区存在人口贩卖威胁，性侵犯报案率可能较低。近年来，全国各地都设立了 SANE 培训项目以应对 SANE 人员短缺的问题。尽管 SANE 培训项目已报告了积极成果，但培训项目对学员的长期成果尚不清楚。
进行了一项采用重复测量的描述性纵向研究。
共招募了 N = 66 名拥有超过 2 年护理工作经验的注册护士参加 SANE 培训项目。本研究仅纳入了 n = 27 名在三个时间点（时间 1）基线、（时间 2）SANE 认证后 6 个月、（时间 3）SANE 认证后 12 个月完成问卷的参与者。采用一般线性模型和重复测量方差分析对数据进行分析。将 I 型错误设定为 p = 0.10。编制了一份最初包含 43 个条目的问卷，以测量 SANE 学员的信心及其对 SANE 角色的态度。
最初，学员在完成 SANE 认证至少六个月后自信心增强；然而，一年后这种自信心逐渐下降。同样，在获得 SANE 认证六个月后，对 SANE 角色的态度变差。
缺乏将 SANE 融入更广泛的法医学社区的支持和基础设施，可能解释了 SANE 对该角色的信心和态度逐渐下降的原因。本研究结果对于在工作场所和社区建立支持性基础设施具有启示意义，以加强 SANE 项目中护士的招募、SANE 在劳动力中的留存、服务不足社区中 SANE 项目的可持续性，以及制定将 SANE 纳入性侵犯应对小组（SART）的方案，特别是在医疗服务不足的美墨边境地区。
