School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland; Health Implementation Science and Technology Research Group, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland..
School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
J Cyst Fibros. 2023 Nov;22(6):1036-1047. doi: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.08.004. Epub 2023 Aug 28.
Treatment advancements have improved life expectancy and nutritional status of people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Alongside reductions in malnutrition, incidences of overweight, obesity and risk factors for diet-related chronic diseases have increased in recent years. This study aimed to synthesise the available literature on diet quality, macronutrient and micronutrient intakes compared to the recommended guidelines in adults with CF, an essential step in deducing the optimal dietary pattern and intakes for CF adults.
A systematic search of five electronic databases from inception until April 2023 was conducted using keywords related to CF, diet quality and nutrient intakes.
Twenty-one studies were included comprising 18 cross-sectional, one cohort and two case control studies, reporting data from 724 adults with CF. Energy and / or macronutrient intake data was reported across 17 cohorts, eight studies provided micronutrients data, and diet quality was determined for four CF cohorts by using a diet quality score, and / or categorising food intake into servings per day for food groups and comparing findings to national dietary guidelines. Although energy intake recommendations were met, and most micronutrient requirements were achieved through supplementation, total energy intake from fat was above recommendations and diet quality was poor.
This is the first systematic review comprehensively evaluating literature on dietary intakes of adults with CF. Energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods contribute to intakes which pose risk in developing diet-related chronic diseases. Revision of dietary guidelines and practice change in CF nutritional therapy is warranted to optimise nutrition and health outcomes.
囊性纤维化 (CF) 患者的治疗进展提高了他们的预期寿命和营养状况。近年来，随着营养不良的减少，超重、肥胖和与饮食相关的慢性疾病风险因素的发生率有所增加。本研究旨在综合分析 CF 成人的饮食质量、宏量营养素和微量营养素摄入量与推荐指南的比较，这是推导出 CF 成人最佳饮食模式和摄入量的重要步骤。
使用与 CF、饮食质量和营养素摄入量相关的关键词，对五个电子数据库进行了系统搜索，从成立到 2023 年 4 月的所有文献。
共纳入 21 项研究，包括 18 项横断面研究、1 项队列研究和 2 项病例对照研究，报告了 724 名 CF 成人的数据。17 项队列研究报告了能量和/或宏量营养素摄入量数据，8 项研究提供了微量营养素数据，四项 CF 队列研究使用饮食质量评分来确定饮食质量，和/或将食物摄入量分类为每天的食物份量，并将结果与国家饮食指南进行比较。尽管满足了能量摄入建议，并且大多数微量营养素需求通过补充来满足，但来自脂肪的总能量摄入超过了建议值，饮食质量较差。
这是首次系统综述全面评估 CF 成人饮食摄入量的文献。高能量、低营养的食物会导致与饮食相关的慢性疾病风险增加。有必要修订 CF 营养治疗的饮食指南和实践，以优化营养和健康结果。
