Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Inflammatory Origins, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Aust Dent J. 2023 Dec;68(4):222-237. doi: 10.1111/adj.12972. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
The aim of this umbrella review was to collate and appraise the evidence base regarding modifiable risk factors for the prevention of oral diseases to inform the update of the Oral Health Messages for Australia. Eleven questions related to modifiable risk factors and dental disease were investigated. Electronic databases (Medline, Embase and PubMed) were searched from January 2010 to October 2022. Systematic reviews evaluating interventions/exposures in healthy subjects from high-income countries, where Westernized practices, oral health promotion and healthcare systems are similar to Australia, were included. Quality appraisal of included systematic reviews was guided by the AMSTAR tool. Of the 3637 articles identified, 29 articles met eligibility criteria. High-quality systematic reviews were identified for questions relating to diet, infant feeding, dental check-ups and oral hygiene. Free sugars consumption above 5% of energy intake, infrequent toothbrushing, smoking/vaping and alcohol intake were consistently associated with poorer oral health outcomes. Breastfeeding up to the age of 24 months was not associated with an increased risk of early childhood caries. The use of interdental cleaning devices and mouthguards during contact sports are likely to be effective in preventing dental disease.
本次伞式综述的目的是整理和评估可改变的风险因素的证据基础，以预防口腔疾病，为澳大利亚口腔健康信息的更新提供依据。调查了 11 个与可改变的风险因素和牙科疾病相关的问题。从 2010 年 1 月到 2022 年 10 月，电子数据库（Medline、Embase 和 PubMed）被检索。纳入了评估高收入国家健康受试者干预/暴露的系统评价，这些国家的西方化实践、口腔健康促进和医疗保健系统与澳大利亚相似。纳入的系统评价的质量评估由 AMSTAR 工具指导。在 3637 篇文章中，有 29 篇符合入选标准。对于与饮食、婴儿喂养、牙科检查和口腔卫生相关的问题，确定了高质量的系统评价。糖摄入量超过能量摄入的 5%、不经常刷牙、吸烟/电子烟和饮酒与口腔健康状况较差有一致的相关性。母乳喂养至 24 个月与幼儿龋齿风险增加无关。在接触性运动中使用牙间清洁装置和护齿套可能有助于预防牙科疾病。
