Quazi Sabiha, Choudhary Sanjiv, Singh Adarsh Lata, Saoji Vikrant, Khan Khalid, Jawade Sugat
Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Jul;12(7):1435-1438. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2326_22. Epub 2023 Jul 14.
Mongolian Spots (MS) generally exist at the time or under the first few weeks of the neonate life-cycle, often considered a birthmark, characterized by hyper-pigmented marks especially bluish-black hue that cannot vanish easily and are generally found on the lumbosacral region. As this MS is reminiscent of bruises and appears to be caused by abuse, this may raise questions about the possibility of abuse. Hence, it is significant to identify MS bruises. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of MS in neonates by using the parameters like location, method of delivery, gestational age, and, weight at birth.
500 neonates were enrolled in the study for the evaluation of the prevalence of Mongolian spots. The study design was cross-sectional, observational, and conducted for two and a half years. The neonate's whole skin surface, including the hand palms, scalps and soles, mucous membranes, genitalia, hair, and nails, was inspected in adequate light. The changes were seen (physiological and pathological) over the skin, so the details were reviewed, analyzed, and documented. Photographic records were kept to document the study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed by -test and Chi-square test and the inferential statistics were analyzed by proportions and Chi-square test.
From the 500 neonates, 408 (81.6%) were reported to have Mongolian spots. Based on the site of locations 337 (82.60%) neonates were found with spots maximum on the sacrococcygeal area and rarely on the extremities 4 (0.98%). 221 (54.1%) were found with normal vaginal delivery, and males have more predominance 247 (60%). Based on the gestational age full term was 366 (89.71%), with the birth at a weight of more than 2.5 kg found in 349 (85.54%).
The study concluded that the maximum number of neonates had been found with Mongolian spots and it is very common among neonates. This study will enlighten the awareness of the physician to distinguish the other lesions from other cutaneous skin conditions. The only drawbacks of this research study are a smaller sample size and limited study duration. The study of diameter, size, and dimensions of spots are not included. More intervention studies are required to compare MS with other skin conditions and their therapies. Further research is required for the study of the dimensions of marks on the neonate's body.
蒙古斑（MS）通常在新生儿生命周期的当时或最初几周内出现，常被视为胎记，其特征为色素沉着斑，尤其是蓝黑色调，不易消失，通常出现在腰骶部区域。由于这种蒙古斑让人联想到瘀伤，且看似是由虐待所致，这可能引发关于虐待可能性的疑问。因此，鉴别蒙古斑与瘀伤具有重要意义。本研究的目的是通过使用诸如位置、分娩方式、胎龄和出生体重等参数来评估新生儿中蒙古斑的患病率。
500名新生儿被纳入本研究以评估蒙古斑的患病率。研究设计为横断面观察性研究，为期两年半。在充足的光线下检查新生儿的整个皮肤表面，包括手掌、头皮、脚底、黏膜、生殖器、毛发和指甲。观察皮肤出现的变化（生理和病理变化），并对细节进行审查、分析和记录。保留照片记录以记录研究情况。描述性统计通过t检验和卡方检验进行分析，推断性统计通过比例和卡方检验进行分析。
在500名新生儿中，有408名（81.6%）被报告有蒙古斑。根据位置，337名（82.60%）新生儿的斑点最多出现在骶尾部区域，极少出现在四肢（4名，0.98%）。221名（54.1%）是正常阴道分娩，男性占比更多，为247名（60%）。根据胎龄，足月的有366名（89.71%），出生体重超过2.5千克的有349名（85.54%）。
该研究得出结论，发现有蒙古斑的新生儿数量最多，在新生儿中非常常见。本研究将提高医生区分其他病变与其他皮肤状况的意识。本研究的唯一缺点是样本量较小且研究持续时间有限。未包括对斑点直径、大小和尺寸的研究。需要更多的干预性研究来比较蒙古斑与其他皮肤状况及其治疗方法。还需要进一步研究新生儿身体上斑点的尺寸。
