Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pathology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
J Cutan Pathol. 2023 Nov;50(11):951-955. doi: 10.1111/cup.14525. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Chordoma is a rare locally aggressive bone malignancy that originates from the notochord. It typically involves the sacrococcygeal area, spheno-occipital region of the skull, and spine. Cutaneous involvement of chordoma, termed as chordoma cutis, is uncommon and usually occurs via direct invasion or local recurrence. Distant metastasis to the skin is very rare. We report a case of chordoma cutis on the scalp, which lacked characteristic physaliferous cells but tested positive for brachyury, thus supporting the diagnosis of chordoma cutis. The patient, who presented with a solitary translucent nodule on the scalp, was previously diagnosed with chordoma on the vertebral column and skull 8 months prior. Microscopic examination showed a cord-like arrangement of plasmacytoid cells within a myxoid stroma. Physaliferous cells were not observed, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 staining was negative; however, brachyury and epithelial membrane antigen staining was positive, leading to the diagnosis of chordoma cutis. Therefore, clinicians must include chordoma cutis in the differential diagnosis of translucent nodular lesions on the skin of patients formerly diagnosed with chordoma.
脊索瘤是一种罕见的局部侵袭性骨恶性肿瘤,起源于脊索。它通常累及骶尾部、颅底蝶枕区和脊柱。脊索瘤的皮肤累及,称为脊索瘤皮肤,并不常见,通常通过直接侵犯或局部复发。皮肤远处转移非常罕见。我们报告一例头皮脊索瘤皮肤,缺乏特征性的泡状细胞,但检测到 brachyury 阳性,因此支持脊索瘤皮肤的诊断。该患者 8 个月前曾被诊断为脊柱和颅骨的脊索瘤,现因头皮单发半透明结节就诊。显微镜下观察到粘液样基质中有类似索状的浆细胞排列。未观察到泡状细胞,细胞角蛋白 AE1/AE3 染色阴性;然而, brachyury 和上皮膜抗原染色阳性,导致脊索瘤皮肤的诊断。因此,临床医生必须将脊索瘤皮肤纳入曾被诊断为脊索瘤患者的皮肤半透明结节病变的鉴别诊断中。