意大利医护人员在 COVID-19 大流行期间的应对能力（SOC）：相关因素分析。
Sense of Coherence (SOC) of Italian healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of associated factors.
机构信息
Regional Health Agency of Liguria (A.Li.Sa.), Genoa, Italy.
Local Health Unit n. 2 Marca Trevigiana, Treviso, Italy.
出版信息
J Prev Med Hyg. 2023 Aug 1;64(2):E161-E171. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2023.64.2.2995. eCollection 2023 Jun.
INTRODUCTION
The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges for healthcare workers worldwide, potentially affecting their sense of coherence (SOC) and overall well-being. This study aimed to identify factors associated with different levels of SOC among healthcare workers, exploring demographic characteristics, work-related factors, changes in relationships and social habits, and the overall well-being.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 628 healthcare workers. SOC scores were assessed using a standardized questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed to identify associations between these factors and SOC.
RESULTS
Healthcare workers had a lower average SOC score (mean: 57.1) compared to the national average in Italy (mean: 60.3). Younger age and shorter length of service were associated with a higher risk of low SOC (p < 0.0001). Healthcare workers in the northwestern regions of Italy had an increased risk of low SOC compared to their counterparts in the northeastern regions (p = 0.0336). Adverse pandemic-related experiences and worsening social relationships were also associated with a higher risk of low SOC (p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSIONS
This study highlights the unique challenges and stressors faced by healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on SOC. Age, length of service, geographic location, and social status were significant factors influencing SOC levels. Targeted interventions are needed to enhance SOC and well-being, particularly for younger and newly employed healthcare workers. Strategies promoting social connections, work-life balance, and psychological support services are crucial to support healthcare workers' resilience and coping abilities.
简介
COVID-19 大流行给全球医护人员带来了重大挑战，可能影响他们的心理一致感（SOC）和整体幸福感。本研究旨在确定与医护人员 SOC 水平不同相关的因素，探讨人口统计学特征、与工作相关的因素、人际关系和社会习惯的变化以及整体幸福感。
方法
对 628 名医护人员进行了横断面研究。采用标准化问卷评估 SOC 评分。进行统计分析以确定这些因素与 SOC 之间的关联。
结果
医护人员的 SOC 平均得分（平均值：57.1）低于意大利全国平均水平（平均值：60.3）。年龄较小和服务年限较短与 SOC 水平较低的风险增加相关（p < 0.0001）。与意大利东北部地区的同行相比，意大利西北部地区的医护人员 SOC 水平较低的风险增加（p = 0.0336）。与大流行相关的不良经历和社会关系恶化也与 SOC 水平较低的风险增加相关（p < 0.0001）。
结论
本研究强调了 COVID-19 大流行期间医护人员面临的独特挑战和压力源，以及它们对 SOC 的影响。年龄、服务年限、地理位置和社会地位是影响 SOC 水平的重要因素。需要采取有针对性的干预措施来增强 SOC 和幸福感，特别是对年轻和新入职的医护人员。促进社会联系、工作与生活平衡和心理支持服务的策略对于支持医护人员的适应能力和应对能力至关重要。
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