Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Nobels väg 9, 171 65 Solna, Sweden.
Uppsala University, Department of Psychology, Von Kraemers allé 1A, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden.
J Anxiety Disord. 2023 Oct;99:102763. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2023.102763. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
Exposure to aversive footage online can affect our well-being, but to what extent does reading others' appraisals of this content modulate our affective responses? In a pre-registered online study (N = 170), we used a digital trauma film paradigm as an analogue for the naturalistic exposure to aversive visual content online. We investigated whether online social reappraisal about the film influenced acute affective responses and subsequent intrusive memories. First, we examined whether the digital trauma film paradigm induced similar affective responses as in-lab experiments (within-subjects; change in negative mood and intrusive memories of the film during seven days). Participants reported a negative mood change and experienced intrusive memories of the film, extending findings from in-lab experiments. Next, we tested a social reappraisal manipulation that provides written comments from (fictitious) previous participants (between-subjects; reading positive, negative, or no comments) modulated participants' affective responses. As predicted, relative to controls and negative comments, reading positive comments decreased negative mood. However, reading negative comments did not increase negative mood. Contrary to predictions, the social reappraisal manipulation did not modulate the number of intrusive memories. Findings suggest the benefit of positive social reappraisal for mitigating negative mood, but not intrusive memories following aversive film content online.
在线接触令人不快的镜头会影响我们的幸福感，但阅读他人对此类内容的评价在多大程度上调节了我们的情感反应？在一项预先注册的在线研究（N=170）中，我们使用数字创伤电影范式作为在线自然接触令人不快的视觉内容的模拟。我们研究了对电影的在线社会重新评价是否会影响急性情感反应和随后的侵入性记忆。首先，我们检查了数字创伤电影范式是否会引起与实验室实验相同的情感反应（在个体内；观看电影七天内的负面情绪变化和电影的侵入性记忆）。参与者报告负面情绪发生变化，并体验到电影的侵入性记忆，这扩展了实验室实验的发现。接下来，我们测试了一种社会重新评价的操纵，该操纵提供了（虚构的）先前参与者的书面评论（在个体间；阅读正面、负面或没有评论），从而调节了参与者的情感反应。正如预测的那样，与对照组和负面评论相比，阅读正面评论会降低负面情绪。然而，阅读负面评论并不会增加负面情绪。与预测相反，社会重新评价的操纵并没有调节侵入性记忆的数量。研究结果表明，积极的社会重新评价有助于减轻负面情绪，但对在线观看令人不快的电影内容后产生的侵入性记忆没有影响。
