Gora Adnan H, Rehman Saima, Dias Jorge, Fernandes Jorge M O, Olsvik Pål A, Sørensen Mette, Kiron Viswanath
Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway.
SPAROS Lda, Olhão, Portugal.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2023 Nov;1868(11):159383. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159383. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
Dyslipidemia is often associated with unhealthy dietary habits, and many mammalian studies have explored the mode of action of certain bioactive compounds such as β-glucans and n-3 PUFAs to understand their potential to normalize the lipid metabolism. There are only a few investigations that adopted omic approaches to unveil their combined effect on hypercholesterolemia. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) was used as a model organism to reveal the efficacy of Schizochytrium oil and β-glucans (from Euglena gracilis and Phaeodactylum tricornutum) against cholesterol-rich diet induced dyslipidemia. One of the folowing four diets was fed to a particular group of fish: a control high-cholesterol diet, a Schizochytrium oil diet or one of the two diets containing the oil and β-glucan. The plasma HDL, expression of hepatic genes linked to, among others, ferric ion binding and plasma phosphatidylcholines were higher and plasma cholesterol esters and triacylglycerols were lower in the microbial oil-fed fish compared to the fish fed high cholesterol diet. While the fish fed a mix of microbial oil and Euglena β-glucan had lower plasma triacylglycerols and expression of hepatic genes linked to PPAR signaling pathway and enriched biosynthesis of plasma unsaturated fatty acids, the fish fed microbial oil-Phaeodactylum β-glucan combination had lower abundance of triacylglycerols rich in saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol esters in the plasma.
血脂异常通常与不健康的饮食习惯有关，许多哺乳动物研究已经探索了某些生物活性化合物（如β-葡聚糖和n-3多不饱和脂肪酸）的作用模式，以了解它们使脂质代谢正常化的潜力。只有少数研究采用组学方法来揭示它们对高胆固醇血症的联合作用。斑马鱼（Danio rerio）被用作模式生物，以揭示裂殖壶菌油和β-葡聚糖（来自纤细裸藻和三角褐指藻）对富含胆固醇饮食诱导的血脂异常的疗效。将以下四种饮食之一喂给特定组的鱼：对照高胆固醇饮食、裂殖壶菌油饮食或含油和β-葡聚糖的两种饮食之一。与喂食高胆固醇饮食的鱼相比，喂食微生物油的鱼血浆高密度脂蛋白、与铁离子结合和血浆磷脂酰胆碱等相关的肝脏基因表达较高，而血浆胆固醇酯和三酰甘油较低。虽然喂食微生物油和纤细裸藻β-葡聚糖混合物的鱼血浆三酰甘油和与PPAR信号通路相关的肝脏基因表达较低，且血浆不饱和脂肪酸生物合成丰富，但喂食微生物油-三角褐指藻β-葡聚糖组合的鱼血浆中富含饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸的三酰甘油和胆固醇酯丰度较低。
