Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Collaborative Research Institute for Innovative Microbiology, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Osaka University Shimadzu Omics Innovation Research Laboratories, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2023 Oct;1868(10):159379. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159379. Epub 2023 Aug 31.
Filamentous fungi undergo significant cellular morphological changes during their life cycle. It has recently been reported that deletions of genes that are involved in phospholipid synthesis led to abnormal hyphal morphology and differentiation in filamentous fungi. Although these results suggest the importance of phospholipid balance in their life cycle, comprehensive analyses of cellular phospholipids are limited. Here, we performed lipidomic analysis of A. nidulans during morphological changes in a liquid medium and of colonies on a solid medium. We observed that the phospholipid composition and transcription of the genes involved in phospholipid synthesis changed dynamically during the life cycle. Specifically, the levels of phosphatidylethanolamine, and highly unsaturated phospholipids increased during the establishment of polarity. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the phospholipid composition in the hyphae at colony margins is similar to that during conidial germination. Furthermore, we demonstrated that common and characteristic phospholipid changes occurred during germination in A. nidulans and A. oryzae, and that species-specific changes also occurred. These results suggest that the exquisite regulation of phospholipid composition is crucial for the growth and differentiation of filamentous fungi.
丝状真菌在其生命周期中经历显著的细胞形态变化。最近有报道称，参与磷脂合成的基因缺失导致丝状真菌菌丝形态和分化异常。尽管这些结果表明磷脂平衡在其生命周期中的重要性，但对细胞磷脂的综合分析有限。在这里，我们对 A. nidulans 在液体培养基中的形态变化和固体培养基上的菌落进行了脂质组学分析。我们观察到，在生命周期中，磷脂组成和参与磷脂合成的基因的转录动态变化。具体而言，在极性建立过程中，磷脂酰乙醇胺和高度不饱和磷脂的水平增加。此外，我们证明了在菌落边缘的菌丝中的磷脂组成类似于分生孢子萌发时的情况。此外，我们证明了在 A. nidulans 和 A. oryzae 的萌发过程中发生了共同和特征性的磷脂变化，并且也发生了种特异性变化。这些结果表明，对磷脂组成的精细调节对于丝状真菌的生长和分化至关重要。
