Department of Biology, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia.
Department of Biology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 2;13(1):14490. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-41826-7.
Although larval diet quality may affect adult mosquito fitness, its impact on parasite development is scarce. Plant pollen from Zea mays, Typha latifolia, and Prosopis juliflora was ultraviolet-sterilized and examined for effects on larval development, pupation rate, adult mosquito longevity, survival and infectivity. The control larvae were fed Tetramin fish food as a comparator food. Four treatment and two control groups were used for each pollen diet, and each experimental tray had 25 larvae. Female An. arabiensis were starved overnight and exposed to infectious blood using a membrane-feeding system. The Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test were used for analysis. The Z. mays pollen diet increased malaria mosquito survival and pupation rate (91.3%) and adult emergence (85%). Zea mays and Tetramin fish food had comparable adulthood development times. Adults who emerged from larvae fed Z. mays pollen had the longest average wing length (3.72 mm) and were more permissive to P. vivax (45%) and P. falciparum (27.5%). They also survived longer after feeding on infectious blood and had the highest number of P. vivax oocysts. Zea mays pollen improved larval development, adult mosquito longevity, survival and infectivity to Plasmodium. Our findings suggest that malaria transmission in Z. mays growing villages should be monitored.
虽然幼虫的饮食质量可能会影响成蚊的适应能力，但它对寄生虫发育的影响却很少被关注。对玉米花粉、香蒲花粉和刺槐花粉进行了紫外线消毒，并研究了它们对幼虫发育、蛹化率、成蚊寿命、存活率和感染力的影响。对照组幼虫以 Tetramin 鱼食作为比较食物。每个花粉饮食组有四个处理组和两个对照组，每个实验组有 25 只幼虫。饥饿的雌性 An. arabiensis 被膜喂食系统暴露于传染性血液中。使用 Kaplan-Meier 曲线和对数秩检验进行分析。玉米花粉饮食增加了疟蚊的存活率和蛹化率（91.3%）以及成虫出现率（85%）。玉米花粉和 Tetramin 鱼食在成虫发育时间上具有可比性。以玉米花粉为食的幼虫所产生的成虫，其平均翅长最长（3.72 毫米），对 P. vivax（45%）和 P. falciparum（27.5%）的感染力更强。它们在吸食感染性血液后存活时间更长，并且拥有最多的 P. vivax 卵囊。玉米花粉改善了幼虫的发育、成蚊的寿命、存活率和对疟原虫的感染力。我们的研究结果表明，应该对玉米花粉生长的村庄中的疟疾传播进行监测。
