兽医行业中多样性人口统计学特征、心理困扰与自杀念头之间的关系：一项在新冠疫情期间开展的全国性横断面研究
Relationships between diversity demographics, psychological distress, and suicidal thinking in the veterinary profession: a nationwide cross-sectional study during COVID-19.
作者信息
Scoresby Kristel, Jurney Carrie, Fackler Amanda, Tran Christina V, Nugent William, Strand Elizabeth
机构信息
College of Social Work, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, United States.
Not One More Vet, San Francisco, CA, United States.
出版信息
Front Vet Sci. 2023 Aug 16;10:1130826. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1130826. eCollection 2023.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to determine the relationship between demographic diversity and veterinary professionals regarding their psychological distress and suicidal experiences. This study also aimed to determine what demographic factors were associated with psychological distress and suicidal experiences for veterinary professionals.
METHODS
This study used a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire to assess the prevalence of diversity, psychological distress, and suicidality in individuals over 18 working in the veterinary field within the United States. The study received 2,482 responses resulting in 2,208 responses that were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed to identify the categories with the highest rates of psychological distress, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviors. Binomial logistic regressions were conducted to identify the strongest statistical predictors of psychological distress (Kessler-6-K6), suicidal thinking and suicide behaviors.
RESULTS
Of the 2,208 respondents included in the analysis, 888 (41%) were experiencing serious psychological distress and 381 (17.3%) had considered suicide in the past 12 months. Results of the binomial regressions indicate gender, social class, age, and disability status were the strongest predictors of psychological distress. When controlling for psychological distress, the strongest predictors of suicidal thinking were sexual orientation, marital status, and professional role.
IMPLICATIONS
Limited research has been done to explore the relationship between demographic diversity of veterinary professionals and psychological distress, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviors specifically. These results shed light on multiple demographic factors that promote and attenuate mental health, as well as the importance of asking respondents their demographic identities in veterinary medicine research. This research attempts to identify these mental health factors without collapsing categories with small sample sizes, which does cause a limitation in statistical power, yet also demonstrates how to increase inclusivity in research.
目的
本研究旨在确定兽医专业人员的人口统计学多样性与其心理困扰和自杀经历之间的关系。本研究还旨在确定哪些人口统计学因素与兽医专业人员的心理困扰和自杀经历相关。
方法
本研究使用基于网络的横断面问卷调查，以评估美国兽医领域18岁以上从业人员的多样性、心理困扰和自杀倾向的患病率。该研究共收到2482份回复，其中2208份回复纳入分析。进行描述性统计以确定心理困扰、自杀念头和自杀行为发生率最高的类别。进行二项逻辑回归以确定心理困扰（凯斯勒6项量表-K6）、自杀念头和自杀行为的最强统计预测因素。
结果
在纳入分析的2208名受访者中，888人（41%）正经历严重心理困扰，381人（17.3%）在过去12个月内曾考虑自杀。二项回归结果表明，性别、社会阶层、年龄和残疾状况是心理困扰的最强预测因素。在控制心理困扰的情况下，自杀念头的最强预测因素是性取向、婚姻状况和职业角色。
启示
专门探讨兽医专业人员的人口统计学多样性与心理困扰、自杀念头和自杀行为之间关系的研究较少。这些结果揭示了多种促进和减轻心理健康的人口统计学因素，以及在兽医学研究中询问受访者人口统计学身份信息的重要性。本研究试图在不合并小样本量类别的情况下识别这些心理健康因素，这确实导致了统计效力的局限性，但也展示了如何提高研究的包容性。
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