Radiant Occupational Health and Epidemiology LLC, Columbia, Maryland, USA.
Am J Ind Med. 2023 Nov;66(11):1009-1013. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23534. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
Workers can be injured by animals such as mammals and insects. Previous studies found that most animal-related occupational fatalities were caused by horses and cattle. We analyzed characteristics of recent nonfatal severe animal-related injuries in US workers.
The severe injury reports (SIR) database, collected by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, contains employer self-reports of inpatient hospitalizations and amputations. We used 2015-2021 SIR data to assess properties of animal-related injuries, including the type of animal involved, the nature of the injury, and the industry of the employer. Industry-specific incidence rates were calculated.
We identified 788 severe animal-related injuries during the 7-year study period. Mammals caused over half of these injuries (476; 60.4%), followed by insects, arachnids, and mites (183; 23.2%) and reptiles (127; 16.1%). Two-thirds (529; 67.1%) of animal-related injuries were traumatic, while 211 (28.0%) injuries were due to poisoning or allergic reaction. The highest observed incidence was in livestock merchant wholesalers (59.6 severe injuries per 100,000 workers per year); injuries in this industry were often due to cattle. Mail delivery and landscape architecture, two industries in which animal contact is atypical, were also among the 10 industries with the highest incidence.
Workers in many industries experienced severe injuries due to animals. Among workers whose job involves animal contact, cattle workers appear to be at highest risk. Outdoor workers in some industries require protection from bites of dogs, snakes, and insects.
工人可能会被动物（如哺乳动物和昆虫）伤害。以前的研究发现，大多数与动物相关的职业性死亡是由马和牛造成的。我们分析了美国工人最近非致命性严重动物相关伤害的特征。
职业安全与健康管理局收集的严重伤害报告（SIR）数据库包含雇主对住院和截肢的自我报告。我们使用 2015-2021 年的 SIR 数据评估了动物相关伤害的特征，包括涉及的动物类型、伤害性质和雇主的行业。计算了特定行业的发病率。
在 7 年的研究期间，我们确定了 788 例严重的动物相关伤害。哺乳动物造成了其中一半以上的伤害（476 例；60.4%），其次是昆虫、蛛形纲动物和螨虫（183 例；23.2%）和爬行动物（127 例；16.1%）。三分之二（529 例；67.1%）的动物相关伤害是创伤性的，而 211 例（28.0%）伤害是由中毒或过敏反应引起的。观察到的发病率最高的是牲畜批发商（每 10 万名工人每年有 59.6 例严重伤害）；该行业的伤害通常是由牛造成的。邮件投递和景观建筑这两个动物接触不典型的行业也属于发病率最高的 10 个行业之列。
许多行业的工人因动物而遭受严重伤害。在从事动物接触工作的工人中，牛的工人风险最高。一些行业的户外工人需要防止被狗、蛇和昆虫咬伤。
