Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Clin Obes. 2024 Feb;14(1):e12620. doi: 10.1111/cob.12620. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
Appetitive traits, including food responsiveness, enjoyment of food, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating, are associated with childhood body mass index. Change in appetitive traits from infancy to childhood and the direction of causality between appetitive traits and body mass index are unclear. The present study examined the developmental trajectory of appetitive traits and their bidirectional relations with body mass index, from infancy to early childhood. Mothers in the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study and follow-up (n = 162) reported child appetitive traits using the Baby and Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaires at ages 6 months and 3.5 years, respectively. Standardized body mass index (zBMI) was calculated from child anthropometrics. Cross-lagged panel models estimated bidirectional relations between appetitive traits and zBMI. Food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness and slowness in eating increased from infancy to early childhood. In cross-lagged panel models, lower infant satiety responsiveness (B ± SE = -0.45 ± 0.19, p = .02) predicted greater child zBMI. Infant zBMI did not predict child appetitive traits (p-values >.36). From infancy to early childhood, appetitive traits may amplify. Appetitive traits, particularly satiety responsiveness, appear to influence body mass index during this period, suggesting early intervention targeting these traits may reduce childhood obesity.
食欲特质，包括食物反应性、对食物的享受、饱腹感反应和进食缓慢，与儿童的体重指数有关。从婴儿期到儿童期，食欲特质的变化以及食欲特质与体重指数之间的因果关系尚不清楚。本研究从婴儿期到幼儿期，检查了食欲特质的发展轨迹及其与体重指数的双向关系。妊娠饮食特征研究及其随访中的母亲（n=162）分别在 6 个月和 3.5 岁时使用婴儿和儿童饮食行为问卷报告儿童的食欲特质。从儿童人体测量学中计算出标准化体重指数（zBMI）。交叉滞后面板模型估计了食欲特质和 zBMI 之间的双向关系。从婴儿期到幼儿期，食物反应性、饱腹感反应和进食缓慢逐渐增加。在交叉滞后面板模型中，较低的婴儿饱腹感反应（B±SE=-0.45±0.19，p=0.02）预示着儿童 zBMI 更高。婴儿 zBMI 并没有预测儿童的食欲特质（p 值>.36）。从婴儿期到幼儿期，食欲特质可能会放大。食欲特质，特别是饱腹感反应，在这段时间似乎会影响体重指数，这表明针对这些特质的早期干预可能会减少儿童肥胖。
