Department of Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
Pflugers Arch. 2023 Dec;475(12):1375-1385. doi: 10.1007/s00424-023-02853-5. Epub 2023 Sep 5.
Water transport through water channels, aquaporins (AQPs), is vital for many physiological processes including epithelial fluid secretion, cell migration and adipocyte metabolism. Water flux through AQPs is driven by the osmotic gradient that results from concentration differences of solutes including ions. Here, we developed a novel optogenetic toolkit that combines the light-gated anion channel GtACR1 either with the light-gated K channel HcKCR1 or the new Na channelrhodopsin HcNCR1 with high Na permeability, to manipulate water transport in Xenopus oocytes non-invasively. Water efflux through AQP was achieved by light-activating K and Cl efflux through HcKCR1 and GtACR1. Contrarily, when GtACR1 was co-expressed with HcNCR1, inward movement of Na and Cl was light-triggered, and the resulting osmotic gradient led to water influx through AQP1. In sum, we demonstrate a novel optogenetic strategy to manipulate water movement into or out of Xenopus oocytes non-invasively. This approach provides a new avenue to interfere with water homeostasis as a means to study related biological phenomena across cell types and organisms.
水通过水通道（aquaporins，AQPs）运输对于许多生理过程至关重要，包括上皮细胞液分泌、细胞迁移和脂肪细胞代谢。AQPs 中的水通量是由溶质（包括离子）浓度差异产生的渗透压梯度驱动的。在这里，我们开发了一种新型光遗传学工具包，该工具包将光门控阴离子通道 GtACR1 与光门控 K 通道 HcKCR1 或新的 Na 通道视紫红质 HcNCR1 结合使用，以非侵入性方式操纵 Xenopus 卵母细胞中的水运输。通过光激活 HcKCR1 和 GtACR1 来实现 AQP 中的水外流。相反，当 GtACR1 与 HcNCR1 共表达时，Na 和 Cl 的内向运动被光触发，由此产生的渗透压梯度导致水通过 AQP1 内流。总之，我们展示了一种新型的光遗传学策略，可以非侵入性地操纵 Xenopus 卵母细胞中的水运动。这种方法为干扰水动态平衡提供了新途径，可用于研究跨细胞类型和生物体的相关生物学现象。
