Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante, Nanoro, Burkina Faso
Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Biosciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
BMJ Open. 2023 Sep 6;13(9):e066509. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066509.
The global burden of undernutrition remains high, responsible for significant under-five mortality in resource-limited settings. Numerous sustainable development goals (SDGs) are linked to nutrition, and nationally representative nutrition surveillance is a key activity to track progress towards SDGs and guide efficient programmes.
The aim of this study is to look at spatial and temporal trends in undernutrition in children under 5 years age in Burkina Faso.
We used data from annual National Nutrition Surveys using Standardised Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions methodology (anthropometry, morbidity) over 7 years (2012-2018) in Burkina Faso.
Children of under 5 years from households selected through systemic sampling at countrywide level.
Prevalence of stunting (height-for-age z-score, <-2), underweight (weight-for-age z-score, <-2) and wasting (weight-for-height z-score, <-2) at regional and national. We used general linear mixed models, adjusted by age, survey year, sex, presence of fever and/or diarrhoea, and poverty index to quantify the risk of undernutrition over time and by region of residence.
Between 2012 and 2018, decreases were observed overall in the prevalence of growth retardation (stunting) decreased from 33.0% (95% CI 32.3 to 33.8) in 2012 to 26.7% (95% CI 26.2 to 27.3) in 2018. Underweight reduced from 24.4% (95% CI 23.7 to 25.1) to 18.7% (95% CI 18.2 to 19.2) for the same period and wasting decreased from 10.8% (95% CI 10.3 to 11.3) in 2012 to 8.4% (95% CI 8.1 to 8.8) in 2018. However, there was substantial variation across the country, with increased risk of undernutrition in the regions of Sahel, East and Cascades primarily. High-risk regions were characterised by a lower poverty index and limited access to healthcare services.
Our findings could inform national policymakers in refining and optimising resource allocation based on the identification of high-risk areas.
本研究旨在探讨布基纳法索五岁以下儿童营养不良的时空趋势。
我们使用了布基纳法索 7 年来（2012-2018 年）采用标准化监测和评估救济和过渡方法（人体测量学、发病率）进行的年度国家营养调查的数据。
来自全国范围内通过系统抽样选择的家庭的 5 岁以下儿童。
区域性和全国性的发育迟缓（身高年龄 z 分数，<-2）、体重不足（体重年龄 z 分数，<-2）和消瘦（身高体重 z 分数，<-2）的患病率。我们使用广义线性混合模型，根据年龄、调查年份、性别、发热和/或腹泻的存在以及贫困指数进行调整，以量化随时间和居住地的区域变化的营养不良风险。
2012 年至 2018 年间，生长迟缓（发育迟缓）的总体患病率有所下降，从 2012 年的 33.0%（95%置信区间 32.3-33.8）下降到 2018 年的 26.7%（95%置信区间 26.2-27.3）。同期体重不足从 24.4%（95%置信区间 23.7-25.1）降至 18.7%（95%置信区间 18.2-19.2），消瘦从 2012 年的 10.8%（95%置信区间 10.3-11.3）降至 2018 年的 8.4%（95%置信区间 8.1-8.8）。然而，该国各地存在很大差异，主要是萨赫勒、东部和瀑布地区的营养不良风险增加。高风险地区的特点是贫困指数较低，获得医疗保健服务的机会有限。
我们的研究结果可以为国家政策制定者提供信息，根据高风险地区的确定，优化资源分配。
