Department of Medical Psychology ǀ Neuropsychology and Gender Studies and Center for Neuropsychological Diagnostics and Intervention (CeNDI), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Evidence-Based Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
LGBT Health. 2024 Feb-Mar;11(2):81-102. doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0084. Epub 2023 Sep 7.
The purpose of this study was to provide a systematic review and, where possible, meta-analysis on the prevalence of physical health conditions in sexual minority men (SMM, i.e., gay- and bisexual-identified men) compared with heterosexual-identified men. A systematic literature search in the databases MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science was conducted on epidemiological studies on physical health conditions, classified in the Global Burden of Disease project and published between 2000 and 2021. Meta-analyses comparing odds ratios were calculated. In total, 23,649 abstracts were screened, and 32 studies were included in the systematic review. Main findings were that (1) Largest differences in prevalence by sexual identity were found for chronic respiratory diseases, particularly asthma: overall, SMM were significantly almost 50% more likely to suffer from asthma than heterosexual men. (2) Evidence of higher prevalence was also found for chronic kidney diseases and headache disorders in gay men and for hepatitis B/C in both gay and bisexual men. (3) We found an overall trend that bisexual men were more affected by some of the physical health conditions compared with gay men (e.g., cardiovascular diseases, asthma). However, regarding cancer, headache disorders, and hepatitis, gay men were more affected. We found evidence of physical health disparities by sexual identity, suggesting more health issues in SMM. Since some of these findings rely on few comparisons or small samples of SMM only, this review is intended to be a vehement plea for routinely including sexual identity assessment in health research and clinical practice.
本研究的目的是对性少数男性（即同性恋和双性恋男性）与异性恋男性相比的身体健康状况的流行率进行系统综述和（如有可能）荟萃分析。我们在 MEDLINE、Embase、CENTRAL、CINAHL 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了关于身体健康状况的流行病学研究的系统文献检索，这些研究根据全球疾病负担项目进行了分类，发表时间为 2000 年至 2021 年。计算了比较优势比的荟萃分析。共筛选出 23649 篇摘要，有 32 项研究纳入系统综述。主要发现包括：（1）在性身份方面，与慢性呼吸道疾病（尤其是哮喘）的流行率差异最大：总体而言，同性恋男性患哮喘的可能性比异性恋男性高近 50%。（2）还发现了同性恋男性慢性肾脏病和头痛障碍以及同性恋和双性恋男性乙型/丙型肝炎患病率较高的证据。（3）我们发现了一种总体趋势，即与同性恋男性相比，双性恋男性更容易受到某些身体健康状况的影响（例如心血管疾病、哮喘）。然而，在癌症、头痛障碍和肝炎方面，同性恋男性的影响更大。我们发现了性身份导致身体健康差异的证据，这表明性少数男性的健康问题更多。由于其中一些发现仅依赖于少数性少数男性的比较或小样本，因此本综述旨在强烈呼吁在健康研究和临床实践中常规评估性身份。
